Winning the Peace Act of 2003 - Authorizes the President to designate a civilian Director of Reconstruction for each country or region in which: (1) units of the U.S. Armed Forces have engaged in armed conflict; or (2) as a result of armed conflict, the country or region will receive reconstruction services from the U.S. Government.
Authorizes the President to provide reconstruction services for any country or region for which such Director has been designated.
Authorizes the Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development to establish an Office of International Emergency Management for such reconstruction services.
Expresses the sense of Congress that: (1) the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense should present to the North Atlantic Council a proposal to establish within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) an Integrated Security Support Component to train and equip selected units within NATO to assist in providing security in countries or regions requiring reconstruction services; and (2) if such a Component is established, the President should commit U.S. personnel to participate in it, after appropriate consultation with Congress.
Authorizes the President to commit U.S. personnel to participate in an Integrated Security Support Component if the North Atlantic Council establishes one.
Instructs the Secretary of State to establish within the Department of State an interagency Training Center for Post-Conflict Reconstruction Operations.
[Congressional Bills 108th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1235 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
108th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 1235
To increase the capabilities of the United States to provide
reconstruction assistance to countries or regions impacted by armed
conflict, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
June 11, 2003
Mr. Edwards (for himself, Mr. Reed, and Mr. Roberts) introduced the
following bill; which was read twice and referred to the
Committee on Foreign RelationsYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To increase the capabilities of the United States to provide
reconstruction assistance to countries or regions impacted by armed
conflict, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Winning the Peace Act of 2003''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) President George W. Bush has stated that the United
States security strategy takes into account the fact that
``America is now threatened less by conquering states than we
are by failing ones''.
(2) Failed states can provide safe haven for a diverse
array of transnational threats, including terrorist networks,
militia and warlords, global organized crime, and narcotics
traffickers who threaten the security of the United States and
the allies of the United States.
(3) The inability of the authorities in a failed state to
provide basic services can create or contribute to humanitarian
emergencies.
(4) It is in the interest of the United States and the
international community to bring conflict and humanitarian
emergencies stemming from failed states to a lasting and
sustainable close.
(5) Since the end of the Cold War, United States military,
diplomatic, and humanitarian personnel have been engaged in
major post-conflict reconstruction efforts in such places as
Iraq, Bosnia, Kosovo, Somalia, Haiti, Rwanda, East Timor, and
Afghanistan.
(6) Assisting failed states in emerging from violent
conflict is a complex and long-term task, as demonstrated by
the experience that 50 percent of such states emerging from
conditions of violent conflict slip back into violence within 5
years.
(7) In 2003, the bipartisan Commission on Post-Conflict
Reconstruction created by the Center for Strategic and
International Studies and the Association of the United States
Army, released a report explaining that ``United States
security and development agencies still reflect their Cold War
heritage. The kinds of complex crises and the challenge of
failed states encountered in recent years do not line up with
these outdated governmental mechanisms. If regional stability
is to be maintained, economic development advanced, lives
saved, and transnational threats reduced, the United States and
the international community must develop a strategy and enhance
capacity for pursuing post-conflict reconstruction.''.
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the
Administrator of the United States Agency for International
Development.
(2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means a Director of
Reconstruction for a country or region designated by the
President under section 4.
(3) Reconstruction services.--The term ``reconstruction
services'' means activities related to rebuilding, reforming,
or establishing the infrastructure processes or institutions of
a country that has been affected by an armed conflict,
including services related to--
(A) security and public safety, including--
(i) disarmament, demobilization, and
reintegration of combatants;
(ii) training and equipping civilian police
force; and
(iii) training and equipping of national
armed forces;
(B) justice, including--
(i) developing rule of law and legal,
judicial, and correctional institutions;
(ii) preventing human rights violations;
(iii) bringing war criminals to justice;
(iv) supporting national reconciliation
processes; and
(v) clarifying property rights;
(C) governance, including--
(i) reforming or developing civil
administration and other government
institutions;
(ii) restoring performance of basic civil
functions, such as schools, health clinics, and
hospitals; and
(iii) establishing processes of governance
and participation; and
(D) economic and social well-being, including--
(i) providing humanitarian assistance;
(ii) constructing or repairing
infrastructure;
(iii) developing national economic
institutions and activities, such as a banking
system; and
(iv) encouraging wise stewardship of
natural resources for the benefit of the
citizens of such country.
SEC. 4. DIRECTOR OF RECONSTRUCTION POSITIONS.
(a) Authorization of Positions.--The President is authorized to
designate an individual who is a civilian as the Director of
Reconstruction for each country or region in which--
(1) units of the United States Armed Forces have engaged in
armed conflict; or
(2) as a result of armed conflict, the country or region
will receive reconstruction services from the United States
Government.
(b) Authority To Provide Reconstruction Services.--Notwithstanding
any provision of law, other than section 553 of the Foreign Operations,
Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2003
(division E of Public Law 108-7; 117 Stat. 200), the President is
authorized to provide reconstruction services for any country or region
for which a Director has been designated under subsection (a).
(c) Duties.--A Director who is designated for a country or region
under subsection (a) shall provide oversight and coordination of, have
decision making authority for, and consult with Congress regarding, all
activities of the United States Government that are related to
providing reconstruction services in such country or region, including
implementing complex, multidisciplinary post-conflict reconstruction
programs in such country or region.
(d) Coordination.--A Director shall coordinate with the
representatives of the country or region where the Director is
overseeing and coordinating the provision of reconstruction services,
and any foreign government, multilateral organization, or
nongovernmental organization that is providing services to such country
or region--
(1) to avoid providing reconstruction services that
duplicate any such services that are being provided by a person
or government other than the United States Government;
(2) to capitalize on civil administration systems and
capabilities available from such person or government; and
(3) to utilize individuals or entities with expertise in
providing reconstruction services that are available through
such other person or government.
(e) Support Services.--The Secretary of State is authorized to
establish within the Department of State a permanent office to provide
support, including administrative services, to each Director designated
under subsection (a).
SEC. 5. INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OFFICE.
(a) Authorization.--The Administrator is authorized to establish
within the United States Agency for International Development an Office
of International Emergency Management for the purposes described in
subsection (b).
(b) Purposes.--
(1) In general.--The purposes of the Office authorized by
subsection (a) shall be--
(A) to develop and maintain a database of
individuals or entities that possess expertise in
providing reconstruction services; and
(B) to provide support for mobilizing such
individuals and entities to provide a country or region
with services applying such expertise when requested by
the Director for such country or region.
(2) Experts.--The individuals or entities referred to in
paragraph (1) may include employees or agencies of the Federal
Government, any other government, or any other person,
including former Peace Corps volunteers or civilians located in
the affected country or region.
SEC. 6. INTEGRATED SECURITY SUPPORT COMPONENT.
(a) Sense of Congress Regarding the Creation of an Integrated
Security Support Component of NATO.--It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense
should present to the North Atlantic Council a proposal to
establish within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization an
Integrated Security Support Component to train and equip
selected units within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to assist
in providing security in countries or regions that require
reconstruction services; and
(2) if such a Component is established, the President
should commit United States personnel to participate in such
Component, after appropriate consultation with Congress.
(b) Authority To Participate in an Integrated Support Component.--
(1) In general.--If the North Atlantic Council establishes
an Integrated Security Support Component, as described in
subsection (a), the President is authorized to commit United
States personnel to participate in such Component, after
appropriate consultation with Congress.
(2) Capabilities.--The units composed of United States
personnel participating in such Component pursuant to the
authority in paragraph (1) should be capable of--
(A) providing for security of a civilian
population, including serving as a police force; and
(B) providing for the performance of public
functions and the execution of security tasks such as
control of belligerent groups and crowds, apprehending
targeted persons or groups, performing anti-corruption
tasks, and supporting police investigations.
SEC. 7. TRAINING CENTER FOR POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS.
(a) Establishment.--The Secretary of State shall establish within
the Department of State an interagency Training Center for Post-
Conflict Reconstruction Operations for the purposes described in
subsection (b).
(b) Purposes.--The purposes of the Training Center authorized by
subsection (a) shall be to--
(1) train interagency personnel in assessment, strategy
development, planning, and coordination related to providing
reconstruction services;
(2) develop and certify experts in fields related to
reconstruction services who could be called to participate in
operations in countries or regions that require such services;
(3) provide training to individuals who will provide
reconstruction services in a country or region;
(4) develop rapidly deployable training packages for use in
countries or regions in need of reconstruction services; and
(5) conduct reviews of operations that provide
reconstruction services for the purpose of--
(A) improving subsequent operations to provide such
services; and
(B) developing appropriate training and education
programs for individuals who will provide such
services.
SEC. 8. REPORTS TO CONGRESS.
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this
Act, the President shall submit to Congress a report on the actions
planned to be taken to carry out the provisions of this Act.
<all>
Introduced in Senate
Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR S7725)
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. (text of measure as introduced: CR S7725-7726)
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