Russian Aggression Prevention Act of 2014 - Directs the Secretary of Defense (DOD) to submit to Congress a strategic framework for U.S. security assistance and cooperation in Europe and Eurasia.
Directs the President to: (1) halt for 180-days all current and planned redeployments of combat forces from Europe other than certain redeployments, and (2) develop a plan to correct any deficiencies in the Armed Forces' ability to respond to contingencies in Europe and Eurasia.
Expresses the sense of Congress that: (1) the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) represents the most successful collective security agreement of the modern era, and (2) a strong NATO is critical to maintaining peace in Europe and Eurasia and ensuring that the Russian Federation plays an appropriate role in the region.
Directs the President to: (1) implement a plan for increasing U.S. and NATO support for the armed forces of Poland, Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia, and other NATO member-states; and (2) direct the U.S. Permanent Representative to NATO to seek consideration for permanently basing NATO forces in such countries.
Directs the President to submit a plan to Congress for accelerating NATO and European missile defense efforts.
Directs the President to establish a United States-German Global and European Security Working Group to focus on areas of mutual concern, including the situation in Ukraine, and increasing political, economic, and military cooperation between the two states.
Directs the President to impose asset blocking and U.S. exclusion sanctions, if Russian armed forces have not withdrawn from Crimea within seven days after enactment of this Act, against: (1) any government official, and any close associate or family member of that official, who is responsible for or otherwise directing violations of Ukraine's territorial integrity and sovereignty, or who is responsible for acts of significant corruption in the Russian Federation; (2) any individual who sponsored or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services in support of such acts; (3) any individual or entity with respect to which sanctions were previously imposed relating to violations of Ukraine's territorial integrity and sovereignty; (4) any entity owned or controlled by a sanctioned entity that is owned or controlled by a citizen of the Russian Federation; and (5) any senior executive of a sanctioned entity who is a citizen of the Russian Federation.
Directs the President to impose asset blocking and U.S. exclusion sanctions, if Russian armed forces have not withdrawn from the eastern border of Ukraine within seven days after enactment of this Act, or if agents of the Russian Federation do not cease actions to destabilize the control of the government of Ukraine over eastern Ukraine, against: (1) Sberbank, (2) VTB Bank, (3) Vnesheconombank, (4) Gazprombank, (5) Gazprom, (6) Novatek, (7) Rosneft, (8) Rosoboronexport, (9) any entity owned or controlled by such an entity that is owned or controlled by a citizen of the Russian Federation; and (10) any senior executive of such an entity who is a citizen of the Russian Federation.
Imposes asset blocking, U.S. exclusion, and foreign financial entity sanctions, if Russian armed forces expand further into, or the government of the Russian Federation annexes, sovereign territory of Ukraine or any other country in Europe or Eurasia, against: (1) any senior Russian official, (2) any entity owned or controlled by a senior Russian official, and (3) any close associate of a senior Russian official who provides significant support or resources to such senior Russian official.
Imposes asset blocking and U.S. exclusion sanctions also, in such circumstances, against: (1) any entity organized under the laws of the Russian Federation that is owned or controlled by the government of the Russian Federation, or owned or controlled by a person sanctioned for violations of Ukraine's territorial integrity and sovereignty; (2) any entity that operates in the arms, defense, energy, financial services, metals, or mining sectors of the Russian Federation; and (3) any senior executive of such an entity who is a citizen of the Russian Federation.
Sets forth related penalty requirements.
States that U.S. exclusion sanctions shall not apply if necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations or other applicable international obligations.
Authorizes the President to waive sanctions if in the U.S. national security interests, and with prior congressional notification.
Directs the Secretary of Commerce to limit the transfer or export by any U.S. person of oil and gas advanced technology to any person in, or any citizen of, the Russian Federation if: (1) the Russian Federation has not substantially withdrawn its armed forces from the eastern border of Ukraine within 30 days, or (2) agents of the Russian Federation do not end destabilizing measures in eastern Ukraine.
Directs the Secretary of State to work with U.S. allies to limit: (1) sales of defense articles and services to the government of the Russian Federation, and (2) cooperation with the government of the Russian Federation on matters related to the production of defense articles and services by Russian entities.
Prohibits the President from: (1) entering into any agreement with the government of the Russian Federation regarding the reduction of nuclear forces except with the advice and consent of the Senate; (2) reducing the number of deployed or non-deployed launchers under the Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms while Russian armed forces are threatening the territorial integrity or sovereignty of Ukraine or another European or Eurasian state; (3) sharing sensitive U.S. missile defense information with the government of the Russian Federation; and (4) authorizing any Open Skies Treaty overflights of U.S. territory or government facilities by Russian airplanes that employ any surveillance devices beyond those employed before January 1, 2014.
Prohibits amounts from being obligated or expended to integrate into any U.S. or NATO common-funded missile defense system any stand-alone radar or missile defense system manufactured, sold, or exported by: (1) a Russian entity, or (2) any person or entity currently sanctioned or designated under U.S. law for missile technology proliferation.
Directs the Secretary of State to provide access to appropriate consular resources, including prioritized access for refugee and other immigration or travel status to the United States, for journalists, political and civil society activists, and dissidents in the Russian Federation.
Directs the Secretary of State to increase efforts to strengthen democratic institutions and political and civil society organizations in the Russian Federation.
Directs DOD to assess the capabilities and needs of the Ukrainian armed forces. Authorizes the President, upon completion of such assessment, to provide specified military assistance to Ukraine.
Expresses the sense of Congress that the President should: (1) provide Ukraine with information about Russian military and intelligence capabilities on Ukraine's eastern border and within Ukraine's territorial borders, including Crimea; and (2) ensure that such intelligence information is protected from further disclosure.
Provides major non-NATO ally status for Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova (during the period in which each of such countries meets specified criteria) for purposes of the transfer or possible transfer of defense articles or defense services.
Directs the President to increase: (1) U.S. Armed Forces interactions with the armed forces of Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia; and (2) U.S and NATO security assistance to such states.
Amends the Natural Gas Act to apply the expedited application and approval process for natural gas exports to World Trade Organization members.
Urges the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the Trade and Development Agency, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), the World Bank Group, and the European Bank for Reconstruction to promote assistance to Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova in order to exploit natural gas and oil reserves and to develop alternative energy sources.
Prohibits any federal department or agency from taking any action that recognizes Russian Federation sovereignty over Crimea or otherwise endorses the Russian Federation's illegal annexation of Crimea.
Directs the Secretary of State to: (1) strengthen democratic institutions, the independent media, and political and civil society organizations in countries of the former Soviet Union; and (2) increase educational and cultural exchanges with countries of the former Soviet Union.
Directs the Broadcasting Board of Governors and the Voice of America (VOA) to provide Congress with a plan for increasing and maintaining through FY2017 the quantity of U.S.-funded Russian-language broadcasting into countries of the former Soviet Union, with priority for broadcasting into Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova.
[Congressional Bills 113th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2277 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
113th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 2277
To prevent further Russian aggression toward Ukraine and other
sovereign states in Europe and Eurasia, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
May 1, 2014
Mr. Corker (for himself, Mr. McConnell, Ms. Ayotte, Mr. Hoeven, Mr.
Blunt, Mr. Rubio, Mr. McCain, Mr. Cornyn, Mr. Graham, Mr. Kirk, Mr.
Barrasso, Mr. Risch, Mr. Coats, Mr. Roberts, Mr. Inhofe, Mr. Portman,
Mr. Alexander, Mr. Thune, Mr. Isakson, Mr. Hatch, Mr. Flake, Mr.
Johnson of Wisconsin, and Mr. Burr) introduced the following bill;
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To prevent further Russian aggression toward Ukraine and other
sovereign states in Europe and Eurasia, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Russian Aggression
Prevention Act of 2014''.
(b) Table of Contents.--
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
TITLE I--REINVIGORATING THE NATO ALLIANCE
Sec. 101. Strengthening United States assistance and force posture in
Europe and Eurasia.
Sec. 102. United States efforts to strengthen the NATO alliance.
Sec. 103. Expanded support for Poland and the Baltic states.
Sec. 104. Accelerating implementation of European and NATO missile
defense efforts.
Sec. 105. Strengthened United States-German cooperation on global and
European security issues.
TITLE II--DETERRING FURTHER RUSSIAN AGGRESSION IN EUROPE
Sec. 201. United States policy toward Russian aggression in Europe.
Sec. 202. Sanctions to address continuing aggression of the Russian
Federation toward Ukraine.
Sec. 203. Additional sanctions in the event of increased aggression by
the Russian Federation toward Ukraine or
other countries.
Sec. 204. Limitation on Russian access to United States oil and gas
technology.
Sec. 205. Diplomatic measures with respect to the Russian Federation.
Sec. 206. Support for Russian democracy and civil society
organizations.
TITLE III--HARDENING UKRAINE AND OTHER EUROPEAN AND EURASIAN STATES
AGAINST RUSSIAN AGGRESSION
Sec. 301. Military assistance for Ukraine.
Sec. 302. Sense of Congress on intelligence sharing with Ukraine.
Sec. 303. Major non-NATO ally status for Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova.
Sec. 304. Expanded security force training, assistance and defense
cooperation with key non-NATO states.
Sec. 305. Expediting natural gas exports.
Sec. 306. European and Eurasian energy independence.
Sec. 307. Crimea annexation nonrecognition.
Sec. 308. Support for democracy and civil society organizations in
countries of the former Soviet Union.
Sec. 309. Expanded broadcasting in countries of the former Soviet
Union.
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) Alien.--The term ``alien'' has the meaning given that
term in section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act
(8 U.S.C. 1101(a)).
(2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the
Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed
Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of
the Senate; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee
on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, and
the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the
House of Representatives.
(3) Correspondent account; payable-through account.--The
terms ``correspondent account'' and ``payable-through account''
have the meanings given those terms in section 5318A of title
31, United States Code.
(4) Domestic financial institution.--The term ``domestic
financial institution'' means a financial institution that is a
United States person.
(5) Financial institution.--The term ``financial
institution'' means a financial institution specified in
subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J),
(K), (M), (N), (R), or (Y) of section 5312(a)(2) of title 31,
United States Code.
(6) NATO.--The term ``NATO'' means the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization.
(7) Russian financial institution.--The term ``Russian
financial institution'' means--
(A) a financial institution organized under the
laws of the Russian Federation or any jurisdiction
within the Russian Federation, including a foreign
branch of such an institution;
(B) a financial institution substantially owned or
controlled by one or more citizens of the Russian
Federation; and
(C) a financial institution owned, in whole or in
part, or controlled by the Government of the Russian
Federation.
(8) Senior russian official.--The term ``senior Russian
official'' means--
(A) the President of the Russian Federation;
(B) any immediate advisor of the President of the
Russian Federation;
(C) any other senior official of the Government of
the Russian Federation, including the Prime Minister,
any deputy prime minister, and any federal minister;
and
(D) any immediate advisor to such an official.
(9) Senior executive.--The term ``senior executive'' means
a member of the board, chief executive officer, chief operating
officer, chief financial officer, secretary, treasurer, general
counsel, or chief information officer, or the functional
equivalent thereof, of an entity.
(10) United states person.--The term ``United States
person'' means--
(A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully
admitted for permanent residence to the United States;
or
(B) an entity organized under the laws of the
United States or of any jurisdiction within the United
States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
TITLE I--REINVIGORATING THE NATO ALLIANCE
SEC. 101. STRENGTHENING UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE AND FORCE POSTURE IN
EUROPE AND EURASIA.
(a) Strategic Framework.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, with
concurrence by the Secretary of State, shall develop and submit
to the appropriate congressional committees a strategic
framework for United States security assistance and cooperation
in Europe and Eurasia.
(2) Elements.--The strategic framework required by
paragraph (1) shall include--
(A) an evaluation of the extent to which the threat
to security and stability in Europe and Eurasia is a
threat to the national security of the United States
and the security interests of the NATO alliance;
(B) an identification of the primary objectives,
priorities, and desired end-states of United States
security assistance and cooperation programs in Europe
and Eurasia and an assessment of the resources required
to achieve such objectives, priorities, and end-states;
(C) a methodology for assessing the effectiveness
of United States security assistance and cooperation
programs in such regions in making progress towards
such objectives, priorities, and end-states, including
an identification of key measures for such progress;
and
(D) criteria for bilateral and multilateral
partnerships in such regions.
(b) Immediate Halt to Current and Planned Redeployments From
Europe.--The President, consistent with the President's
responsibilities as Commander in Chief, including ensuring the
readiness of the United States Armed Forces, shall immediately halt,
for a 180-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this
Act, all current and planned redeployments of combat forces from
Europe, other than redeployments of forces for which replacement forces
are already in place or are planned to be in place, with the intent to
maintain force numbers at current levels for the 180-day period
beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act.
(c) Plan for Enhancing the Ability of the United States Military To
Respond to Crises in Europe and Eurasia.--Not later than 90 days after
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President, consistent with
the President's responsibilities as Commander in Chief, including
ensuring the readiness of the United States Armed Forces, shall
identify, and develop a plan to correct, any deficiencies in the
ability of the Armed Forces to rapidly and fully respond, in
coordination with other NATO allies, to foreseeable contingencies in
Europe and Eurasia, including the ability to execute current United
States European Command contingency plans.
(d) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report
detailing the specific deficiencies identified, the plan for correcting
such deficiencies, including a cost estimate, and the status of
corrective actions being undertaken pursuant to the plan required by
subsection (c).
SEC. 102. UNITED STATES EFFORTS TO STRENGTHEN THE NATO ALLIANCE.
(a) In General.--The President shall direct the United States
Permanent Representative on the Council of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (in this Act referred to as the ``United States Permanent
Representative to NATO''), to use the voice, vote, and influence of the
United States to--
(1) reaffirm the United States commitment to the NATO
Alliance, including its Article V commitment to all NATO
member-states, regardless of size or duration of membership;
(2) strengthen NATO's capabilities to deter and, as needed,
to rapidly and appropriately respond, including through the use
of military force as necessary, to security crises, including
any crisis in Europe and Eurasia created by efforts of any
state to undermine the territorial, economic, or political
sovereignty or integrity of any NATO member-state;
(3) call on all NATO member-states to make substantial
progress towards meeting the Alliance's defense spending
requirements and national capability targets and seek to ensure
that such progress is in fact made; and
(4) encourage NATO member-states to work together to
achieve energy independence for NATO member-states and other
NATO partners in Europe and Eurasia.
(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the NATO
Alliance represents the single most successful collective security
agreement of the modern era and that a strong and revitalized NATO is
critical to maintaining peace and security in Europe and Eurasia and
ensuring that the Russian Federation plays an appropriate role in the
region.
SEC. 103. EXPANDED SUPPORT FOR POLAND AND THE BALTIC STATES.
(a) Plan.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a plan, including a cost
estimate, for substantially increasing United States and NATO
support for the armed forces of the Republics of Poland,
Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia, and other NATO member-states as
determined by the President, including substantially
increasing--
(A) the complement of forward-based NATO forces in
those states, through appropriate bilateral agreements;
and
(B) security assistance, including the provision of
defense articles, services, and training by the United
States and NATO in those states.
(2) Implementation.--Not later than 60 days after the date
of the enactment of this Act, the President shall begin
implementation of the plan required under paragraph (1).
(b) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit
to the appropriate congressional committees a report detailing the
specific efforts being undertaken and planned to be undertaken by the
United States Government to implement the plan required by subsection
(a).
(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary of State $50,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2014 through 2017 to carry out the activities described under
subsection (a).
(d) Authority for Use of Funds.--Funds authorized to be
appropriated pursuant to subsection (c) for the provision of defense
articles, services, and training may be used to procure such assistance
from the United States Government or other appropriate sources.
(e) Permanent Basing of NATO Forces in Poland and the Baltic
States.--The President shall direct the United States Permanent
Representative to NATO to use the voice, vote, and influence of the
United States to seek consideration by NATO of the wisdom and efficacy
of permanently basing NATO forces on a rotational basis in the
Republics of Poland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and other NATO
member-states as determined by the President.
SEC. 104. ACCELERATING IMPLEMENTATION OF EUROPEAN AND NATO MISSILE
DEFENSE EFFORTS.
(a) Plan.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a plan, including a cost
estimate, for--
(A) accelerating the implementation of phase three
of the European Phased Adaptive Approach for Europe-
based missile defense, in order to complete such
implementation of phase three by no later than the end
of calendar year 2016, or providing alternative
capabilities to protect key NATO allies in Europe and
Eurasia, including, as appropriate, provision of
PATRIOT, Terminal High Altitude Area Defense, or other
missile defense systems; and
(B) accelerating NATO's development of an alliance
missile defense capability and its expansion of current
missile defense command, control, and communications
capabilities to protect NATO European and Eurasian
populations, territory, and forces against increasing
missile threats.
(2) Implementation.--Not later than 60 days after the date
of the enactment of this Act, the President shall begin
implementation of the plan under paragraph (1).
(b) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit
to the appropriate congressional committees a report detailing the
specific efforts being undertaken and planned to be undertaken by the
United States to implement the plan required by subsection (a).
SEC. 105. STRENGTHENED UNITED STATES-GERMAN COOPERATION ON GLOBAL AND
EUROPEAN SECURITY ISSUES.
(a) Policy.--It is the policy of the United States Government to
work closely with the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany on
issues related to global and European security, particularly in light
of ongoing events in Europe and Eurasia.
(b) United States-German Global and European Security Working
Group.--The President shall establish a United States-German Global and
European Security Working Group to focus on areas of mutual concern,
including addressing the ongoing situation in Ukraine and to increase
the political, economic, and military cooperation between the two
states, including additional intelligence sharing between the two
states.
(c) Regular Meetings.--The working group required to be established
under subsection (b) shall meet not less than annually at the Secretary
level or above, semi-annually at the Deputy Secretary level or above,
and quarterly at the Assistant Secretary level or above.
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary of State $5,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2015 through 2017 to carry out the activities described under
subsections (b) and (c).
(e) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the
meetings of the working group required to be established under
subsection (b), including a description of the specific issues
discussed and decisions made by the working group, and its efforts to
improve, expand, and deepen the relationship between the United States
Government and the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany.
TITLE II--DETERRING FURTHER RUSSIAN AGGRESSION IN EUROPE
SEC. 201. UNITED STATES POLICY TOWARD RUSSIAN AGGRESSION IN EUROPE.
It is the policy of the United States--
(1) to use all appropriate elements of United States
national power, in coordination with United States allies, to
protect the independence, sovereignty, and territorial and
economic integrity of Ukraine and other sovereign states in
Europe and Eurasia from Russian aggression;
(2) to actively work to deter further Russian aggression
toward Ukraine and other sovereign states in Europe and Eurasia
by imposing costs on the Russia Federation for its ongoing
activities, as well as to make clear the consequences for
further aggressive activities;
(3) to work with United States partners in the European
Union, NATO, and at the United Nations to ensure that all
states, including the Russian Federation, recognize and not
undermine, nor seek to undermine, the independence,
sovereignty, or territorial or economic integrity of Ukraine
and other sovereign states in Europe and Eurasia;
(4) to condemn the continuing and long-standing pattern and
practice by the Government of the Russian Federation of
physical and economic aggression toward various countries in
Europe and Eurasia;
(5) to condemn the unjustified military intervention of the
Russian Federation in the Crimea region of Ukraine and its
concurrent occupation of that region, as well as any other form
of political, economic, or military aggression toward Ukraine
and other sovereign states in Europe and Eurasia, including the
unnecessary and destabilizing presence of tens of thousands of
Russian troops along the Ukrainian border;
(6) to condemn economic extortion by the Government of the
Russian Federation against the governments and people of
Ukraine, Moldova, Lithuania, Georgia, and other countries in
the region designed to obstruct closer ties between the
European Union and the countries of the Eastern Partnership and
to reduce the harmful consequences of such extortion;
(7) to reaffirm the commitment of the United States to, and
to remind Russia of its ongoing obligations under, and
commitment to, the 1994 Budapest Memorandum on Security
Assurances, which was executed jointly with the Russian
Federation and the United Kingdom and explicitly secures the
independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity and
borders of Ukraine;
(8) to not recognize the unlawful referendum that took
place in Crimea on March 16, 2014, or the Russian Federation's
illegal annexation of Crimea, including to not recognize any de
jure or de facto sovereignty of the Russian Federation over
Crimea, its airspace, or its territorial waters, and to call
for the immediate reversal of the Russian Federation's illegal
annexation of Crimea;
(9) to condemn the unjustified activities of agents of the
Russian Federation in eastern Ukraine seeking to foment civil
unrest and disturbance;
(10) to support the people of Ukraine, Moldova, and Georgia
in their desire to forge closer ties with Europe, including
signing an Association Agreement with the European Union as a
means to address endemic corruption, consolidate democracy, and
achieve sustained prosperity;
(11) to enhance and extend United States security
cooperation with, security assistance to, and military
exercises conducted with, states in Europe and Eurasia,
including NATO member countries, NATO aspirants, and
appropriate Eastern Partnership countries;
(12) to reaffirm United States defense commitments to its
treaty allies under Article V of the North Atlantic Treaty;
(13) that the continued participation of the Russian
Federation in the Group of Eight (G-8) states and its receipt
of assistance from the World Bank Group should be conditioned
on the Government of the Russian Federation respecting the
territorial integrity of its neighbors and accepting and
adhering to the norms and standards of free, democratic
societies;
(14) to support the people of Ukraine and Moldova in their
efforts to conduct free and fair elections, including the
Presidential elections in Ukraine in May 2014 and the
parliamentary elections in Moldova in November 2014, as well as
any subsequent elections;
(15) to support the May 2012 NATO Chicago Summit
Declaration's statement that ``[i]n accordance with Article 10
of the Washington Treaty, NATO's door will remain open to all
European democracies which share the values of our Alliance,
which are willing and able to assume the responsibilities and
obligations of membership, which are in a position to further
the principles of the Treaty, and whose inclusion can
contribute to security in the North Atlantic area,''
particularly those cases where the aspirant is able to meet
appropriate defense spending commitments and prepared to
contribute to ongoing and future contingency operations; and
(16) to explore ways for the United States Government to
assist the countries of Europe and Eurasia to diversify their
energy sources and achieve energy security, including through
the development of a transatlantic energy strategy.
SEC. 202. SANCTIONS TO ADDRESS CONTINUING AGGRESSION OF THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATION TOWARD UKRAINE.
(a) Imposition of Sanctions.--
(1) Imposition of sanctions if russian forces do not
withdraw from crimea.--If the armed forces of the Russian
Federation have not withdrawn from Crimea (other than military
forces present on military bases subject to agreements in force
between the Government of the Russian Federation and the
Government of Ukraine) by not later than the date that is 7
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President
shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with
respect to--
(A) any official or agent of the Government of the
Russian Federation, and any close associate or family
member of an official of the Government of the Russian
Federation, that the President determines is
responsible for, participating in, complicit in, or
responsible for ordering, controlling, or otherwise
directing--
(i) violations of the territorial integrity
and sovereignty of Ukraine beginning in
February 2014; or
(ii) acts of significant corruption in the
Russian Federation, including the expropriation
of private or public assets for personal gain,
corruption related to government contracts or
the extraction of natural resources, bribery,
or the facilitation or transfer of the proceeds
of corruption to foreign jurisdictions;
(B) any individual that the President determines
sponsored or provided financial, material, or
technological support for, or goods or services in
support of, the commission of acts described in
subparagraph (A);
(C) any individual or entity with respect to which
sanctions were imposed before the date of the enactment
of this Act pursuant to--
(i) authority provided under any Executive
order relating to violations of the territorial
integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine beginning
in February 2014; or
(ii) authority provided under section 8 or
9 of the Support for the Sovereignty,
Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of
Ukraine Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-95);
(D) any entity owned or controlled by an entity
described in subparagraph (C) that is owned or
controlled by a citizen of the Russian Federation; and
(E) any senior executive of an entity described in
subparagraph (C) or (D) who is a citizen of the Russian
Federation.
(2) Imposition of sanctions if russian forces do not
withdraw from eastern border of ukraine or do not cease
destabilizing activities.--If the Government of the Russian
Federation has not withdrawn substantially all of the armed
forces of the Russian Federation from the immediate vicinity of
the eastern border of Ukraine by not later than the date that
is 7 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, or
agents of the Russian Federation do not cease taking active
measures to destabilize the control of the Government of
Ukraine over eastern Ukraine on or after that date (including
through active support of efforts to unlawfully occupy
facilities of the Government of Ukraine), the President shall
impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect
to--
(A) Sberbank;
(B) VTB Bank;
(C) Vnesheconombank;
(D) Gazprombank;
(E) Gazprom;
(F) Novatek;
(G) Rosneft;
(H) Rosoboronexport;
(I) any entity owned or controlled by an entity
specified in any of subparagraphs (A) through (H) that
is owned or controlled by a citizen of the Russian
Federation; and
(J) any senior executive of an entity specified in
any of subparagraphs (A) through (I) who is a citizen
of the Russian Federation.
(b) Sanctions Described.--
(1) In general.--The sanctions described in this subsection
are the following:
(A) Asset blocking.--The exercise of all powers
granted to the President by the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the
extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions
in all property and interests in property of a person
determined by the President to be subject to subsection
(a) if such property and interests in property are in
the United States, come within the United States, or
come within the possession or control of a United
States person.
(B) Exclusion from the united states and revocation
of visa or other documentation.--In the case of an
alien determined by the President to be subject to
subsection (a), denial of a visa to, and exclusion from
the United States of, the alien, and revocation in
accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of any visa or
other documentation of the alien.
(2) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to
violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of
paragraph (1)(A) or any regulation, license, or order issued to
carry out paragraph (1)(A) shall be subject to the penalties
set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to
the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act
described in subsection (a) of that section.
(3) Exception relating to the importation of goods.--
(A) In general.--The requirement to block and
prohibit all transactions in all property and interests
in property under paragraph (1)(A) shall not include
the authority to impose sanctions on the importation of
goods.
(B) Good defined.--In this paragraph, the term
``good'' has the meaning given that term in section 16
of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C.
App. 2415) (as continued in effect pursuant to the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.
1701 et seq.)).
(4) Exception to comply with united nations headquarters
agreement.--Sanctions under paragraph (1)(B) shall not apply to
an alien if admitting the alien into the United States is
necessary to permit the United States to comply with the
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations,
signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force
November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United
States, or other applicable international obligations.
(c) Waiver.--The President may waive the application of sanctions
under this section with respect to a person or a transaction if the
President--
(1) determines that such a waiver is in the national
security interests of the United States; and
(2) on or before the date on which the waiver takes effect,
submits a notice of and a justification for the waiver to--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the
Senate; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the
Committee on Financial Services of the House of
Representatives.
(d) Publication of List of Sanctioned Persons.--Not later than 7
days after the imposition of sanctions pursuant to subsection (a), the
President shall publish a list of the persons with respect to which
sanctions were imposed pursuant to that subsection.
(e) Regulatory Authority.--The President shall issue such
regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this
section.
SEC. 203. ADDITIONAL SANCTIONS IN THE EVENT OF INCREASED AGGRESSION BY
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION TOWARD UKRAINE OR OTHER COUNTRIES.
(a) In General.--If the armed forces of the Russian Federation
expand further into, or the Government of the Russian Federation
annexes, the sovereign territory of Ukraine or any other country in
Europe or Eurasia after the date of the enactment of this Act without
the consent of the legally recognized government of that country--
(1) all of the sanctions described in subsection (b) shall
be imposed the following business day by action of law with
respect to--
(A) any senior Russian official;
(B) any entity owned or controlled by a senior
Russian official; and
(C) any close associate of a senior Russian
official that provides significant support or resources
to that senior Russian official;
(2) the sanctions described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of
subsection (b)(1) shall be imposed the following business day
by action of law on--
(A) any entity--
(i) organized under the laws of the Russian
Federation or any jurisdiction within the
Russian Federation;
(ii) that is owned, in whole or in part, or
controlled by--
(I) the Government of the Russian
Federation;
(II) any person with respect to
which sanctions are imposed under
section 202;
(III) any person with respect to
which sanctions are imposed under
paragraph (1); or
(IV) any person with respect to
which sanctions are imposed pursuant to
an Executive order or any other
provision of law in relation to
violations of the territorial integrity
and sovereignty of Ukraine beginning in
February 2014; and
(iii) that operates in the arms, defense,
energy, financial services, metals, or mining
sectors of the Russian Federation; and
(B) any senior executive of an entity described in
subparagraph (A) who is a citizen of the Russian
Federation; and
(3) the President shall exercise all powers granted to the
President pursuant to the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to
prohibit any transaction by a domestic financial institution
with a Russian financial institution or with respect to an
account held by a Russian financial institution, other than
routine interest and service fees.
(b) Sanctions Described.--
(1) In general.--The sanctions described in this subsection
are the following:
(A) Asset blocking.--The exercise of all powers
granted to the President by the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the
extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions
in all property and interests in property of a person
determined by the President to be subject to subsection
(a) if such property and interests in property are in
the United States, come within the United States, or
come within the possession or control of a United
States person.
(B) Exclusion from the united states and revocation
of visa or other documentation.--In the case of an
alien determined by the President to be subject to
subsection (a), denial of a visa to, and exclusion from
the United States of, the alien, and revocation in
accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of any visa or
other documentation of the alien.
(C) Sanctions with respect to foreign financial
institutions.--A prohibition on the opening, and a
prohibition or the imposition of strict conditions on
the maintaining, in the United States of a
correspondent account or a payable-through account by a
foreign financial institution that the President
determines has knowingly conducted, on or after the
date of the enactment of this Act, transactions with a
person determined by the President to be subject to
subsection (a).
(2) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to
violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of
subparagraph (A) or (C) of paragraph (1) or any regulation,
license, or order issued to carry out either such subparagraph
shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b)
and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that
commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that
section.
(3) Exception relating to the importation of goods.--
(A) In general.--The requirement to block and
prohibit all transactions in all property and interests
in property under paragraph (1)(A) shall not include
the authority to impose sanctions on the importation of
goods.
(B) Good defined.--In this paragraph, the term
``good'' has the meaning given that term in section 16
of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C.
App. 2415) (as continued in effect pursuant to the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.
1701 et seq.)).
(4) Exception to comply with united nations headquarters
agreement.--Sanctions under paragraph (1)(B) shall not apply to
an alien if admitting the alien into the United States is
necessary to permit the United States to comply with the
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations,
signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force
November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United
States, or other applicable international obligations.
(c) Waiver.--The President may waive the application of sanctions
under subsection (b) with respect to a person or transaction if the
President--
(1) determines that such a waiver is in the vital national
security interests of the United States; and
(2) on or before the date on which the waiver takes effect,
submits a notice of and a justification for the waiver to--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the
Senate; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the
Committee on Financial Services of the House of
Representatives.
(d) Publication of List of Sanctioned Persons.--Not later than 7
days after the imposition of sanctions pursuant to subsection (a), the
President shall publish a list of the persons with respect to which
sanctions were imposed pursuant to that subsection.
(e) Regulatory Authority.--The President shall issue such
regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this
section.
SEC. 204. LIMITATION ON RUSSIAN ACCESS TO UNITED STATES OIL AND GAS
TECHNOLOGY.
(a) In General.--If the Government of the Russian Federation has
not withdrawn substantially all of the armed forces of the Russian
Federation from the immediate vicinity of the eastern border of Ukraine
by not later than the date that is 30 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, or agents of the Russian Federation do not cease
taking active measures to destabilize the control of the Government of
Ukraine over eastern Ukraine on or after that date (including through
active support of efforts to unlawfully occupy facilities of the
Government of Ukraine), the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with
the Secretary of State, shall revise the Export Administration
Regulations under subchapter C of chapter VII of title 15, Code of
Federal Regulations, to strictly limit the transfer or export by any
United States person of any advanced technology described in subsection
(b) to any person in the Russian Federation or any citizen of the
Russian Federation.
(b) Advanced Technology Described.--Advanced technology described
in this subsection is advanced technology that--
(1) is developed or controlled by a United States person
and is not available from a person that is not a United States
person; and
(2) relates to the discovery, exploration, or extraction of
onshore or offshore oil or natural gas deposits, including the
discovery, exploration, or extraction of oil or natural gas
deposits in shale.
(c) Limited Exception.--The President may authorize a transaction
for the transfer or export by a United States person of an advanced
technology described in subsection (b) if the President determines that
such authorization is in the national security interests of the United
States.
(d) Duration of Regulations.--The prohibition under subsection (a)
shall remain in effect until such time as the President--
(1) determines that such regulations are no longer
warranted or appropriate; and
(2) submits a notification of and justification for that
determination to--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the
Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on
Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee
on Appropriations, and the Committee on Energy and
Commerce of the House of Representatives.
(e) Regulatory Authority.--The President shall issue such
regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this
section.
SEC. 205. DIPLOMATIC MEASURES WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.
(a) Limiting Defense Sales and Defense Industrial Cooperation.--The
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and
the Secretary of Commerce, shall work with United States allies in
Europe and around the world to strictly limit--
(1) the sales of defense articles and services to the
Government of the Russian Federation; and
(2) the cooperation of the United States and its allies
with the Government of the Russian Federation on matters
related to the production of defense articles and services by
Russian entities.
(b) Duration of Limits.--The diplomatic measures required to be
instituted pursuant to subsection (a) shall remain in effect until such
time as the President determines in writing to the appropriate
congressional committees that such diplomatic measures are no longer
warranted or appropriate, including a justification for such
determination.
(c) Nuclear Force Reduction Agreements.--
(1) Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to not
engage in further negotiations with the Russian Federation to
reduce nuclear forces until the Russian Federation is in full
compliance with all existing bilateral nuclear agreements with
the United States, including the Treaty Between the United
States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-
Range Missiles, signed at Washington December 8, 1987, and
entered into force June 1, 1988.
(2) Restriction.--Notwithstanding any other provision of
law, the President shall not enter into any agreement with the
Government of the Russian Federation with respect to the
reduction of nuclear forces except with the advice and consent
of the Senate pursuant to article II, section 2, clause 2 of
the United States Constitution.
(d) Restriction on Force Posture Adjustments Pursuant to the New
START Treaty.--The President shall not take any steps to reduce the
number of accountable deployed or non-deployed launchers under the
Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation
on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic
Offensive Arms, signed at Prague April 8, 2010, and entered into force
February 5, 2011 (commonly referred to as the ``New START Treaty''),
while the armed forces of the Russian Federation remain prepositioned
to strike Ukraine or are threatening the territorial integrity or
sovereignty of Ukraine or another European or Eurasian state.
(e) Limitations on Missile Defense Cooperation.--
(1) In general.--The President shall not permit any sharing
of sensitive United States missile defense information with the
Government of the Russian Federation.
(2) Spending limitation.--No amounts may be obligated or
expended to integrate into any United States or NATO common-
funded missile defense system, including the NATO Air Defense
Ground Environment, any standalone radar or missile defense
system manufactured, sold, or exported by a Russian entity or
by any person or entity currently sanctioned or designated
under United States law for missile technology proliferation.
(f) Report on Russian Violations of International Agreements.--Not
later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a
report detailing any and all violations of international or bilateral
arms control or other agreements by the Russian Federation since the
entry into force of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty,
including any suspected or confirmed violations of that treaty and the
implications of the Russian suspension of the Treaty on Conventional
Forces in Europe, as well as any steps taken by the President to hold
the Russian Federation accountable for any such violations.
(g) Limitations on Open Skies Treaty Flights.--The President shall
not authorize any overflights of the territory of the United States or
United States Government facilities or installations by aircraft of the
Russian Federation pursuant to the Treaty on Open Skies, signed at
Helsinki March 24, 1992, and entered into force January 1, 2002, that
employ any surveillance devices beyond those employed on such aircraft
prior to January 1, 2014.
(h) Report on Alternatives to Russian Rocket Engines.--Not later
than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a
report on alternatives to the use of RD-180 rocket engines produced in
the Russian Federation for national security launches and a
recommendation on whether any domestic alternatives to the use of such
engines should be pursued in the next two fiscal years.
(i) Additional Consular Activities.--The Secretary of State shall
prioritize and undertake efforts to identify and provide access to
appropriate consular resources, including prioritized access to
applications for refugee and other appropriate immigration or travel
status to the United States, for journalists and political and civil
society activists and dissidents in the Russian Federation.
(j) Report on Significant Corruption in the Russian Federation and
the Effects of Such Corruption.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of the
Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a report on significant corruption in the Russian
Federation and the extent to which such corruption undermines
political and economic development in the independent countries
of the former Soviet Union.
(2) Required elements.--The report required by paragraph
(1) may contain a classified annex, but shall include in
unclassified form the following elements:
(A) A detailed description of corruption among
senior officials of the Government of the Russian
Federation and the connections between such corruption
and business leaders in the Russian Federation.
(B) A detailed description of how the Government of
the Russian Federation uses corruption to sustain the
power of specific individuals in government and
business.
(C) An estimate in United States dollars of the
personal net wealth of any senior Russian official, or
a family member or close associate of such official,
who is responsible for, or complicit in, or responsible
for ordering, controlling, or otherwise directing, acts
of significant corruption in Russia, including the
expropriation of private or state assets for personal
gain, corruption related to government contracts or the
extraction of natural resources, bribery, or the
facilitation or transfer of the proceeds of corruption
to foreign jurisdictions.
(D) An estimate in United States dollars of the
amount of money derived from acts of significant
corruption in the Russian Federation that has been
invested, laundered, or otherwise transferred into the
sovereign jurisdiction of each of the independent
countries of the former Soviet Union.
(E) Detailed descriptions of specific instances of
significant corruption in the Russian Federation.
(F) A detailed description of how the Government of
the Russian Federation uses corruption in other states
in order to create and maintain a dependence on the
Russian Federation and on specific Russian government
officials, entities, and business leaders.
(G) A detailed description of the extent to which
the flow of money described in subparagraph (D)
contributes to public or private corruption, non-
transparent or unaccountable government or private
sector decisionmaking, or the weakening, subversion, or
undermining of sovereignty, democratic institutions,
rule of law, or economic or financial systems in each
of the independent countries of the former Soviet
Union.
(H) A detailed description of the political and
financial networks and other mechanisms through which
the money described in subparagraph (D) contributes to
the malign effects in the independent countries of the
former Soviet Union as described in subparagraph (G).
(3) Interagency working group.--The Secretary of State, in
coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall convene
an interagency working group, including representatives of the
United States intelligence community, to coordinate the
production of the report required by this subsection,
prioritize the collection and analysis of intelligence and
financial information required for such report, and support
efforts to address the effects of corruption in the Russian
Federation on Russian citizens, the United States, and United
States allies and partners in Europe and Eurasia, including
increasing public awareness of such issues in the Russian
Federation and other countries.
(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized
to be appropriated to the Secretary of State for the Bureau of
Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor $2,500,000 for each of
fiscal years 2015 through 2017 to support the efforts of the
interagency working group described in paragraph (3), including
the hiring of staff as appropriate, and to produce the report
required by paragraph (1).
(k) Report on Russian Economy.--Not later than 90 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the
Assistant Secretary of State for Intelligence and Research shall submit
to the appropriate congressional committees and make publically
available a report on the state of economic activity and government-
owned enterprises in the Russian Federation. The report shall analyze
relevant economic indicators, including gross domestic product (GDP)
and the amount of GDP derived from government spending, money supply,
inflation, unemployment, capital flows, and foreign direct investment.
SEC. 206. SUPPORT FOR RUSSIAN DEMOCRACY AND CIVIL SOCIETY
ORGANIZATIONS.
(a) In General.--The Secretary of State shall increase efforts,
directly or through nongovernmental organizations, to--
(1) improve democratic governance, transparency,
accountability, rule of law, and anti-corruption efforts in the
Russian Federation;
(2) strengthen democratic institutions and political and
civil society organizations in the Russian Federation;
(3) expand uncensored Internet access in Russia; and
(4) expand free and unfettered access to independent media
of all kinds in Russia, including through increasing United
States Government-supported broadcasting activities, and to
assist with the protection of journalists and civil society
activists who have been targeted for free speech activities.
(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary of State $10,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2015 through 2017 to carry out the activities set forth in
subsection (a).
(c) Strategy Requirement.--Not later than 60 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a strategy to carry out the
activities set forth in subsection (a).
(d) Notification Requirement.--
(1) In general.--Funds appropriated or otherwise made
available pursuant to subsection (b) may not be obligated until
15 days after the date on which the President has provided
notice of intent to obligate such funds to the appropriate
congressional committees.
(2) Waiver.--The President may waive the notification
requirement under paragraph (1) if the President determines
that failure to do so would pose a substantial risk to human
health or welfare, in which case notification shall be provided
as early as practicable, but in no event later than three days
after taking the action to which such notification requirement
was applicable in the context of the circumstances
necessitating such waiver.
TITLE III--HARDENING UKRAINE AND OTHER EUROPEAN AND EURASIAN STATES
AGAINST RUSSIAN AGGRESSION
SEC. 301. MILITARY ASSISTANCE FOR UKRAINE.
(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law
limiting the assistance to be provided under this section, beginning on
the date following the date of completion of the assessment required by
subsection (b), the President is authorized to provide to the
Government of Ukraine upon that Government's request, as appropriate
and in a manner consistent with the capabilities and needs of the armed
forces of Ukraine identified in such assessment, the following defense
articles, services, and training:
(1) Anti-tank weapons and ammunition.
(2) Anti-aircraft weapons and ammunition.
(3) Crew weapons and ammunition.
(4) Small arms and ammunition, including pistols,
submachine guns, assault rifles, grenade launchers, machine
guns, and sniper rifles.
(5) Mine Resistant Ambush Protected vehicles.
(6) High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicles.
(7) Inflatable boats.
(8) Body armor.
(9) Fire control, range finder, optical and guidance and
control equipment.
(10) Explosive disposal and improvised explosive device
detection equipment.
(11) Mine detection equipment.
(12) Chemical, biological, radiation, and nuclear
detection, testing, and protection equipment.
(13) Communications, logistic, combat support, medical
equipment, rations, specialized equipment, and other defense
articles, services, and training requested by the Government of
Ukraine that the President determines to be appropriate.
(b) Required Assessment.--No later than 15 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall conduct an
assessment, or complete any ongoing assessment, of the capabilities and
needs of the armed forces of Ukraine and shall ensure that it
includes--
(1) an assessment of the releasability of the equipment set
forth in subsection (a), equipment requested by the Government
of Ukraine, or equipment that may foreseeably be requested
based on the current state of the armed forces of Ukraine; and
(2) an assessment of the need for, appropriateness of, and
force protection concerns of any United States military
advisors to be made available to the armed forces of Ukraine.
(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary of State $100,000,000 for fiscal year
2014 to carry out the activities set forth in subsection (a).
(d) Authority for Use of Funds.--The funds made available pursuant
to subsection (c) for the provision of defense articles, services, and
training may be used to procure such assistance from the United States
Government or other appropriate sources.
(e) Provision of Assessment to Congress.--Not later than 7 days
following the completion of the assessment required by subsection (b),
the President shall provide such assessment to the appropriate
congressional committees.
SEC. 302. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON INTELLIGENCE SHARING WITH UKRAINE.
It is the sense of Congress that the President, subject to the
discretion of the President protect sources and methods of intelligence
collection and to protect the capabilities of the intelligence
community and the United States Armed Forces, should--
(1) provide the Government of Ukraine with appropriate
intelligence and other information to assist the Government of
Ukraine--
(A) to determine the location, strength, and
capabilities of the military and intelligence forces of
the Russian Federation located on the eastern border of
Ukraine and within the territorial borders of Ukraine,
including Crimea; and
(B) to respond effectively to further aggression by
military and intelligence forces of the Russian
Federation; and
(2) take steps to ensure that such intelligence information
is fully and appropriately protected from further disclosure,
including limiting, as appropriate, the provision and nature of
such intelligence information.
SEC. 303. MAJOR NON-NATO ALLY STATUS FOR UKRAINE, GEORGIA, AND MOLDOVA.
(a) In General.--During the period in which Ukraine, Georgia, and
Moldova meet the criteria set forth in subsection (b), notwithstanding
any other provision of law, for purposes of the transfer or possible
transfer of defense articles or defense services under the Arms Export
Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.), the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), or any other provision of law, Ukraine,
Moldova, and Georgia shall be treated as though each were designated a
major non-NATO ally (as defined in section 644(q) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2403(q))).
(b) Criteria for Treatment as a Major Non-NATO Ally.--In order to
be treated as a major non-NATO ally pursuant to subsection (a), a
country must--
(1) have a democratically elected government that came to
power pursuant to free and fair elections;
(2) cooperate fully with the United States on matters of
mutual security concern, including counterterrorism matters;
and
(3) respect the political and legal rights of its citizens,
including maintaining the right of its citizens to
democratically elect their government.
(c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment
of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall provide to
the appropriate congressional committees a report assessing whether
Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova should continue to be treated, for
purposes of the transfer or possible transfer of defense articles or
defense services, as major non-NATO allies and whether the treatment
should be expanded or reduced.
SEC. 304. EXPANDED SECURITY FORCE TRAINING, ASSISTANCE AND DEFENSE
COOPERATION WITH KEY NON-NATO STATES.
(a) Expanded Training and Assistance.--The President shall take
steps, consistent with the President's responsibility as Commander in
Chief, to substantially increase, within one year after the date of the
enactment of this Act--
(1) the military-to-military interactions of the United
States Armed Forces with the armed forces of Ukraine, Georgia,
Moldova, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia,
Montenegro, and Serbia, including specifically increasing the
current tempo of military exercises and training efforts and
exchanges with such armed forces; and
(2) United States and NATO security assistance to such
states.
(b) NATO European Partners Security Fund.--The President shall
direct the United States Permanent Representative to NATO to use the
voice, vote, and influence of the United States to encourage NATO to
create a European Partners Security Fund with appropriate contributions
from all member-states to support the provision of expanded NATO
training, exercises, assistance to, and exchanges with, the armed
forces of Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia.
(c) Bilateral and Multilateral Defense Cooperation Agreements.--Not
later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense,
shall seek to enter into negotiations with Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova,
Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro and
Serbia to establish new, or strengthen existing, bilateral and
multilateral defense cooperation agreements, including agreements
related to cyber defense cooperation.
(d) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit
to the appropriate congressional committees a country-by-country report
detailing the specific efforts being undertaken and planned to be
undertaken by the United States Government to implement the increased
military-to-military interactions and security assistance required by
subsection (a) and to undertake the negotiations required by subsection
(c).
SEC. 305. EXPEDITING NATURAL GAS EXPORTS.
(a) In General.--Section 3(c) of the Natural Gas Act (15 U.S.C.
717b) is amended--
(1) by striking ``(c) For purposes'' and inserting the
following:
``(c) Expedited Application and Approval.--
``(1) Definition of world trade organization member
nation.--In this subsection, the term `World Trade Organization
member nation' means a country described in section 2(10) of
the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3501(10)).
``(2) Expedited application and approval process.--For
purposes''; and
(2) in paragraph (2) (as so designated), by striking ``a
nation with which there is in effect a free trade agreement
requiring national treatment for trade in natural gas'' and
inserting ``a World Trade Organization member nation''.
(b) Pending Applications.--The amendments made by subsection (a)
shall apply to applications for authorization to export natural gas
under section 3 of the Natural Gas Act (15 U.S.C. 717b) that are
pending on, or filed on or after, the date of enactment of this Act.
SEC. 306. EUROPEAN AND EURASIAN ENERGY INDEPENDENCE.
(a) Assistance From the United States Agency for International
Development.--The Administrator of the United States Agency for
International Development should prioritize--
(1) loan, lease, and bond guarantees to appropriate
financial institutions and other eligible borrowers through the
Development Credit Authority to facilitate the involvement of
such institutions and borrowers in financing efforts in Ukraine
to help exploit existing natural gas reserves, to conduct
additional exploration for oil and gas, to develop alternative
sources of energy, including oil and gas, and to encourage
energy efficiency, for Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova, including
the development of associated transportation, storage, and
refinement facilities; and
(2) direct assistance to expand efforts in Ukraine,
Georgia, and Moldova to help exploit existing natural gas
reserves, to conduct additional exploration for oil and gas,
and to develop alternative sources of energy, including oil and
gas, and to encourage energy efficiency, for Ukraine, Georgia,
and Moldova, including the development of associated
transportation, storage, and refinement facilities.
(b) Promotion of United States Private Sector Participation in
Energy Development in Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova.--The Director of
the Trade and Development Agency should promote United States private
sector efforts to help exploit existing natural gas reserves, to
conduct additional exploration for oil and gas, and to develop
alternative sources of energy, including oil and gas, for Ukraine,
Georgia, and Moldova, including the development of associated
transportation, storage, and refinement facilities, by conducting and
funding project preparation activities for projects in Ukraine,
Georgia, and Moldova, including feasibility studies, technical
assistance, pilot projects, reverse trade missions, conferences, and
workshops.
(c) Support From the Overseas Private Investment Corporation.--The
Overseas Private Investment Corporation--
(1) should prioritize support for investments to help
exploit existing natural gas reserves, to conduct additional
exploration for oil and gas, to develop alternative sources of
energy, including oil and gas, and to encourage energy
efficiency, for Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova, including the
development of associated transportation, storage, and
refinement facilities; and
(2) shall implement procedures for expedited review of and,
where appropriate, approval of, applications by eligible
investors (as defined in section 238 of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2198)) for loans, loan guarantees, and
insurance for such investments.
(d) Prioritization of Energy Projects in Ukraine, Georgia, and
Moldova by the World Bank Group and the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development.--The President shall direct the United
States Executive Directors of the World Bank Group and the European
Bank for Reconstruction and Development to use the voice, vote, and
influence of the United States to encourage the World Bank Group and
the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development to invest in, and
increase their efforts to promote investment in, efforts to help
exploit existing natural gas reserves, to conduct additional
exploration for oil and gas, to develop alternative sources of energy,
including oil and gas, and to encourage energy efficiency, for Ukraine,
Georgia, and Moldova, including the development of associated
transportation, storage, and refinement facilities, and to stimulate
private investment in such projects.
(e) Effectiveness Measurement.--In providing loan guarantees,
assistance, and support as described in this section and in
prioritizing the projects as described in this section, the President
and the heads and other appropriate officials of the United States
Agency for International Development, the Trade and Development Agency,
and the Overseas Private Investment Corporation shall ensure that the
effectiveness of such guarantees, assistance, support, and projects is
measured through the use of clear, accountable, and metric-based
targets aimed at achieving energy independence for Ukraine, Georgia,
and Moldova.
(f) Report on Additional European Gas Pipeline.--Not later than 90
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of
Energy shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a
report on the costs, benefits, and economic viability of a gas pipeline
extending from the border of Turkey into Eastern Europe and
interconnected to the proposed Trans-Anatolian pipeline.
(g) Report and Plan on Nuclear Power in Ukraine.--Not later than
180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of
Energy, in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce, shall submit to
the appropriate congressional committees a report--
(1) identifying the nuclear fuel requirements of the power
sector of Ukraine; and
(2) including a plan for--
(A) supporting commercial production capabilities
to provide alternative nuclear fuel supplies for
Ukraine; and
(B) providing such support as the Secretary of the
Energy deems appropriate for Ukraine to maintain the
safe, secure, and sustainable operation of nuclear
reactors in Ukraine.
SEC. 307. CRIMEA ANNEXATION NONRECOGNITION.
(a) In General.--No Federal department or agency may take any
action that recognizes sovereignty of the Russian Federation over
Crimea, its airspace, or its territorial waters or otherwise endorses
the Russian Federation's illegal annexation of Crimea.
SEC. 308. SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRACY AND CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS IN
COUNTRIES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION.
(a) Democratic Governance Support.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall increase
efforts, directly or through nongovernmental organizations,
to--
(A) improve democratic governance, transparency,
accountability, rule of law, and anti-corruption
efforts in countries of the former Soviet Union;
(B) strengthen democratic institutions and
political and civil society organizations in countries
of the former Soviet Union;
(C) expand uncensored Internet access in countries
of the former Soviet Union; and
(D) expand free and unfettered access to
independent media of all kinds in countries of the
former Soviet Union, including through increasing
United States Government-supported broadcasting
activities, and to assist with the protection of
journalists and civil society activists who have been
targeted for free speech activities.
(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized
to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $25,000,000 for
each of fiscal years 2015 through 2017 to carry out the
activities set forth in paragraph (1).
(b) Increased Support for Exchanges and Public Affairs.--The
Secretary of State shall substantially increase--
(1) educational and cultural exchanges with countries of
the former Soviet Union; and
(2) public affairs grants and activities in countries of
the former Soviet Union.
(c) Strategy Requirement.--Not later than 60 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a strategy to carry out the
activities set forth in subsections (a) and (b).
(d) Notification Requirement.--
(1) In general.--Funds appropriated or otherwise made
available pursuant to subsection (a) may not be obligated until
15 days after the date on which the President has provided
notice of intent to obligate such funds to the appropriate
congressional committees.
(2) Waiver.--The President may waive the notification
requirement under paragraph (1) if the President determines
that failure to do so would pose a substantial risk to human
health or welfare, in which case notification shall be provided
as early as practicable, but in no event later than three days
after taking the action to which such notification requirement
was applicable in the context of the circumstances
necessitating such waiver.
SEC. 309. EXPANDED BROADCASTING IN COUNTRIES OF THE FORMER SOVIET
UNION.
(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Chairman of the Broadcasting Board of
Governors and the Director of Voice of America shall provide Congress
with a plan, including a cost estimate, for immediately and
substantially increasing and maintaining through fiscal year 2017 the
quantity of United States-funded Russian-language broadcasting into
countries of the former Soviet Union.
(b) Prioritization and Focus of Programming.--The plan required by
subsection (a) shall prioritize broadcasting into Ukraine, Georgia, and
Moldova and shall ensure that the increased broadcasting content
required by subsection (a) is focused on conveying the perspective of
the United States Government and public regarding ongoing events in
those states to Russian language audiences.
(c) Additional Priorities.--The plan required by subsection (a)
should also consider--
(1) near-term increases in Russian-language broadcasting in
other priority countries including Estonia, Lithuania, and
Latvia;
(2) increases in broadcasting in other critical languages,
including Ukrainian and Romanian languages; and
(3) prioritizing work by the Broadcasting Board of
Governors and the Voice of America with European and Eurasian
allies to increase their broadcasting and communications
content directed into countries of the former Soviet Union.
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary of State $7,500,000 for each of fiscal
years 2014 through 2017 to carry out the activities required by
subsections (a) through (c).
<all>
Introduced in Senate
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.
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