Department of Energy Science for the Future Act
This bill supports specified research and development activities of the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science.
The bill establishes various programs, including
The DOE Office of Science shall continue to leverage U.S. participation in the Large Hadron Collider and prioritize expanding international partnerships and investments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment.
DOE shall support construction of a Facility for Rare Isotope Beams to advance the understanding of rare nuclear isotopes and the evolution of the cosmos.
DOE shall expand opportunities to increase the number, diversity, equity, and inclusion of highly skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professionals working in DOE mission-relevant disciplines and broaden the recruitment pool to increase diversity, including expanded partnerships with Historically Black Colleges, Tribal Colleges, Minority Serving Institutions, emerging research institutions, and scientific societies.
DOE shall establish within the DOE Office of Science, a cross-cutting research initiative to leverage the federal government's innovative analytical resources and tools, user facilities, and advanced computational and networking capabilities in order to prevent, prepare for, and respond to emerging infectious diseases, including COVID-19.
DOE may not carry out gain-of-function research of concern.
[Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3593 Introduced in House (IH)]
<DOC>
117th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 3593
To provide guidance for and investment in the research and development
activities of the Department of Energy Office of Science, and for other
purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
May 28, 2021
Ms. Johnson of Texas (for herself, Mr. Lucas, Mr. Bowman, and Mr. Weber
of Texas) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To provide guidance for and investment in the research and development
activities of the Department of Energy Office of Science, and for other
purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Department of Energy Science for the
Future Act''.
SEC. 2. MISSION OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE.
Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
7139) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(d) User Facilities.--The Director shall carry out the
construction, operation, and maintenance of user facilities to support
the mission described in subsection (c). As practicable, these
facilities shall serve the needs of the Department, industry, the
academic community, and other relevant entities for the purposes of
advancing the missions of the Department, improving the competitiveness
of the United States, protecting public health and safety, and
addressing other national priorities including emergencies.
``(e) Coordination.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary--
``(A) shall ensure the coordination of the Office
of Science with the other activities of the Department;
``(B) shall support joint activities among the
programs of the Department;
``(C) shall coordinate with other relevant Federal
agencies in supporting advancements in related research
areas as appropriate; and
``(D) may form partnerships to enhance the
utilization of and ensure access to user facilities by
other Federal agencies.
``(2) Within the office of science.--The Director shall
ensure the coordination of programs and activities carried out
by the Office of Science.''.
SEC. 3. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM.
(a) Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act.--Section 303
of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
18641) is amended--
(1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (e) as
subsections (c) through (g), respectively;
(2) by inserting before subsection (d), as so redesignated,
the following:
``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
Director shall carry out a research and development program in basic
energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering,
chemistry, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other disciplines, to
understand, model, and control matter and energy at the electronic,
atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for
new energy technologies, address scientific grand challenges, and
support the energy, environment, and national security missions of the
Department.
``(b) Sustainable Chemistry.--In carrying out chemistry-related
research and development activities under this section, the Director
shall prioritize research and development sustainable chemistry to
support clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies to
traditional chemical products and processes.'';
(3) in subsection (c)(3), as so redesignated--
(A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' at the
end;
(B) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as
subparagraph (E); and
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the
following:
``(D) autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis
facilities that leverage advances in artificial
intelligence; and'';
(4) in subsection (d), as so redesignated, by adding at the
end the following:
``(4) Advanced photon source upgrade.--
``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate
of flow of photons.
``(ii) Hard x-ray.--The term `hard x-ray'
means a photon with energy greater than 20
kiloelectron volts.
``(B) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
the upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in
the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences
Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled `Report on
Facility Upgrades', including the development of a
multi-bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of
coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and
a suite of beamlines optimized for this source.
``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start
of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph
occurs before March 31, 2026.
``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (j), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade
under this paragraph $157,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
``(5) Spallation neutron source proton power upgrade.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
the proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron
Source.
``(B) Proton power upgrade defined.--For the
purposes of this paragraph, the term `proton power
upgrade' means the Spallation Neutron Source power
upgrade described in--
``(i) the publication titled `Facilities
for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year
Outlook', published by the Office of Science of
the Department of Energy in December, 2003;
``(ii) the publication titled `Four Years
Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the
Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook',
published by the Office of Science of the
Department of Energy in August, 2007; and
``(iii) the publication approved by the
Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on
June 9, 2016, titled `Report on Facility
Upgrades'.
``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start
of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph
occurs before December 31, 2025.
``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (j), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade
under this paragraph $49,800,000 for fiscal year 2022.
``(6) Spallation neutron source second target station.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
a second target station for the Spallation Neutron
Source.
``(B) Second target station defined.--For the
purposes of this paragraph, the term `second target
station' means the Spallation Neutron Source second
target station described in--
``(i) the publication titled, `Facilities
for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year
Outlook', published by the Office of Science of
the Department of Energy in December, 2003;
``(ii) the publication titled, `Four Years
Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the
Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook',
published by the Office of Science of the
Department of Energy in August, 2007; and
``(iii) the publication approved by the
Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on
June 9, 2016, titled `Report on Facility
Upgrades'.
``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start
of full operations of the second target station under
this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2030, with
the option for early operation in 2028.
``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (j), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out the activities
under this paragraph, including construction--
``(i) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(ii) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(iii) $204,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(iv) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
and
``(v) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(7) Advanced light source upgrade.--
``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate
of flow of photons.
``(ii) Soft x-ray.--The term `soft x-ray'
means a photon with energy in the range from 50
to 2,000 electron volts.
``(B) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
the upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in
the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences
Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled `Report on
Facility Upgrades', including the development of a
multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of
coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy region.
``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start
of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph
occurs before December 31, 2026.
``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (j), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade
under this paragraph--
``(i) $75,100,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(ii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(iii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(iv) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
and
``(v) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(8) Linac coherent light source ii high energy upgrade.--
``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
``(i) High energy x-ray.--The term `high
energy x-ray' means a photon with an energy in
the 5 to 13 kiloelectron volt range.
``(ii) High repetition rate.--The term
`high repetition rate' means the delivery of x-
ray pulses up to 1 million pulses per second.
``(iii) Ultra-short pulse x-rays.--The term
`ultra-short pulse x-rays' means x-ray bursts
capable of durations of less than 100
femtoseconds.
``(B) In general.--The Secretary shall--
``(i) provide for the upgrade to the Linac
Coherent Light Source II facility described in
the publication approved by the Basic Energy
Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016,
titled `Report on Facility Upgrades', including
the development of experimental capabilities
for high energy x-rays to reveal fundamental
scientific discoveries; and
``(ii) ensure such upgrade enables the
production and use of high energy, ultra-short
pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition
rate.
``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start
of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph
occurs before December 31, 2026.
``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (j), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade
under this paragraph--
``(i) $106,925,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(ii) $125,925,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(iii) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(iv) $89,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
and
``(v) $49,344,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(9) Cryomodule repair and maintenance facility.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
the construction of a cryomodule repair and maintenance
facility to service the Linac Coherent Light Source II
and upgrades to the facility. The Secretary shall
consult with the private sector, universities, National
Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure
that this facility has the capability to maintain,
repair, and test superconducting radiofrequency
accelerator components.
``(B) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (j), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out the activities
under this paragraph--
``(i) $19,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(iii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
and
``(iv) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
``(10) Nanoscale science research center recapitalization
project.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
the recapitalization of the Nanoscale Science Research
Centers, to include the upgrade of equipment at each
Center supported by the Office of Science on the date
of enactment of the Department of Energy Science for
the Future Act, to accelerate advances in the various
fields of science including nanoscience, materials,
chemistry, biology, and quantum information science.
``(B) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (j), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out the
recapitalization under this paragraph--
``(i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(ii) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
and
``(iv) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.'';
and
(5) by adding at the end the following:
``(h) Computational Materials and Chemistry Science Centers.--
``(1) In general.--The Director shall support a program of
research and development for the application of advanced
computing practices to foundational and emerging research
problems in chemistry and materials science. Research
activities shall include--
``(A) chemical catalysis research and development;
``(B) the use of large data sets to model materials
phenomena, including through advanced characterization
of materials, materials synthesis, processing, and
innovative use of experimental and theoretical data;
``(C) adaptation of chemical system and chemistry
modeling software to advanced computing systems and
hardware; and
``(D) modeling of chemical processes, assemblies,
and reactions such as molecular dynamics and quantum
chemistry, including through novel computing methods.
``(2) Computational materials and chemistry science
centers.--
``(A) In general.--In carrying out the activities
authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall
select and establish up to six computational materials
and chemistry science centers to--
``(i) develop open-source, robust, and
validated computational codes and user-friendly
software, coupled with innovative use of
experimental and theoretical data, to enable
the design, discovery, and development of new
materials and chemical systems, including
chemical catalysis research and development;
and
``(ii) focus on overcoming challenges and
maximizing the benefits of exascale and other
high performance computing.
``(B) Selection.--The Director shall select centers
under subparagraph (A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed
basis. The Director shall consider applications from
the National Laboratories, institutes of higher
education, multi-institutional collaborations, and
other appropriate entities.
``(C) Duration.--
``(i) A center selected under subparagraph
(A) shall receive support for a period of not
more than 5 years beginning on the date of
establishment of that center, subject to the
availability of appropriations.
``(ii) A center already in existence on the
date of enactment of the Department of Energy
Science for the Future Act may continue to
receive support for a period of not more than 5
years beginning on the date of establishment of
that center.
``(D) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period
of support of a center under this subsection, the
Director may renew support for the center, on a merit-
reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
``(E) Termination.--Consistent with the existing
authorities of the Department, the Director may
terminate an underperforming center for cause during
the performance period.
``(i) Materials Research Database.--
``(1) In general.--The Director shall support the
development of a web-based platform to develop and provide
access to a database of computed information on known and
predicted materials properties and computational tools to
accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design.
``(2) Program.--In carrying out this subsection, the
Director shall--
``(A) conduct cooperative research with industry,
academia, and other research institutions to advance
understanding, prediction, and manipulation of
materials and facilitate the design of novel materials;
``(B) develop and maintain data infrastructure at
user facilities that generate data to collect, analyze,
label, and otherwise prepare the data for inclusion in
the database;
``(C) leverage existing high performance computing
systems to conduct high throughput calculations, and
develop computational and data mining algorithms for
the prediction of material properties;
``(D) strengthen the foundation for new
technologies and advanced manufacturing; and
``(E) drive the development of advanced materials
for applications that span the Department's missions in
energy, environment, and national security.
``(3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
Director shall leverage and activities across the Department,
including computational materials and chemistry science centers
established under subsection (h).
``(4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated
under subsection (j), there shall be made available to the
Secretary to carry out activities under this subsection
$10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in
this section--
``(1) $2,757,705,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(2) $2,828,896,600 for fiscal year 2023;
``(3) $3,019,489,612 for fiscal year 2024;
``(4) $3,161,698,885 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(5) $3,291,651,600 for fiscal year 2026.''.
(b) Artificial Photosynthesis.--Subtitle G of title IX of the
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16311 et seq.) is amended--
(1) in section 973(b), by striking paragraph (4) and
inserting:
``(4) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be
appropriated for Basic Energy Sciences, the Secretary shall
make available for carrying out activities under this
subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through
2031.''; and
(2) in section 975(c), by striking paragraph (4) and
inserting:
``(4) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be
appropriated in section 313 of this Act, the Secretary shall
make available for carrying out activities under this
subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal 5 years 2022 through
2026.''.
(c) Electricity Storage Research Initiative.--Section 975 of the
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended--
(1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and
inserting:
``(4) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be
appropriated for Basic Energy Sciences, the Secretary shall
make available for carrying out activities under this
subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through
2026.'';
(2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and
inserting:
``(4) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be
appropriated in section 313 of this Act, the Secretary shall
make available for carrying out activities under this
subsection $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through
2026.''; and
(3) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) and
inserting:
``(4) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be
appropriated in section 313 of this Act, the Secretary shall
make available for carrying out activities under this
subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through
2026.''.
SEC. 4. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.
(a) Program.--Section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) is amended--
(1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) as
subsections (b) through (d), respectively; and
(2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so redesignated,
the following:
``(a) Program.--As part of the duties of the Director authorized
under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42
U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated with the activities authorized under
sections 303 and 304 of this Act, the Director shall carry out a
program of research and development in the areas of biological systems
science and climate and environmental science, including subsurface
science, relevant to the development of new energy technologies and to
support the energy, environmental, and national security missions of
the Department.''.
(b) Bioenergy Research Centers.--Section 977(f) of the Energy
Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317(f)) is amended to read as follows:
``(f) Bioenergy Research Centers.--
``(1) In general.--In carrying out the program under
section 306(a) of the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(a)), the Director shall support
up to six bioenergy research centers to conduct fundamental
research in plant and microbial systems biology, biological
imaging and analysis, and genomics, and to accelerate advanced
research and development of biomass-based liquid transportation
fuels, bioenergy, or biobased materials, chemicals, and
products that are produced from a variety of regionally diverse
feedstocks, and to facilitate the translation of research
results to industry. The activities of the centers authorized
under this subsection may include--
``(A) accelerating the domestication of bioenergy-
relevant plants and microbes to enable high-impact,
value-added coproduct development at multiple points in
the bioenergy supply chain;
``(B) developing the science and technological
advances to ensure process sustainability is considered
in the creation of biofuels and bioproducts from
lignocellulose; and
``(C) using the latest tools in genomics, molecular
biology, catalysis science, chemical engineering,
systems biology, and computational and robotics
technologies to sustainably produce and transform
biomass into biofuels and bioproducts.
``(2) Selection and duration.--
``(A) In general.--A center established under
paragraph (1) shall be selected on a competitive,
merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5
years, subject to the availability of appropriations,
beginning on the date of establishment of that center.
``(B) Applications.--The Director shall consider
applications from National Laboratories, multi-
institutional collaborations, and other appropriate
entities.
``(C) Existing centers.--A center already in
existence on the date of enactment of the Department of
Energy Science for the Future Act may continue to
receive support for a period of not more than 5 years
beginning on the date of establishment of that center.
``(3) Renewal.--After the end of either period described in
paragraph (2), the Director may renew support for the center
for a period of not more than 5 years on a merit-reviewed
basis. For a center in operation for 10 years after its
previous selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, the
Director may renew support for the center on a competitive,
merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years, and
may subsequently provide an additional renewal on a merit-
reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years.
``(4) Termination.--Consistent with the existing
authorities of the Department, the Director may terminate an
underperforming center for cause during the performance period.
``(5) Activities.--Centers shall undertake research
activities to accelerate the production of biofuels and
bioproducts from advanced biomass resources by identifying the
most suitable species of plants for use as energy crops; and
improving methods of breeding, propagation, planting,
producing, harvesting, storage and processing. Activities may
include the following:
``(A) Research activities to increase
sustainability, including--
``(i) advancing knowledge of how bioenergy
crop interactions with biotic and abiotic
environmental factors influence crop growth,
yield, and quality;
``(ii) identifying the most impactful
research areas that address the economics of
biofuels and bioproducts production; and
``(iii) utilizing multiscale modeling to
advance predictive understanding of biofuel
cropping ecosystems.
``(B) Research activities to further feedstock
development, including lignocellulosic, algal, gaseous
wastes including carbon oxides and methane, and direct
air capture of single carbon gases via plants and
microbes, including--
``(i) developing genetic and genomic tools,
high-throughput analytical tools, and
biosystems design approaches to enhance
bioenergy feedstocks;
``(ii) conducting field testing of new
potential bioenergy feedstock crops under
environmentally benign and geographically
diverse conditions to assess viability and
robustness; and
``(iii) developing quantitative models
informed by experimentation to predict how
bioenergy feedstocks perform under diverse
conditions.
``(C) Research activities to improve
lignocellulosic deconstruction and separation methods,
including--
``(i) developing feedstock-agnostic
deconstruction processes capable of efficiently
fractionating biomass into targeted output
streams;
``(ii) gaining a detailed understanding of
plant cell wall biosynthesis, composition,
structure, and properties during
deconstruction; and
``(iii) improving enzymes and approaches
for biomass breakdown and cellulose,
hemicellulose, and lignin processing.
``(D) Research activities to improve the feedstock
conversion process for advanced biofuels and
bioproducts, including--
``(i) developing high-throughput methods to
screen or select high-performance microbial
strains to improve product formation rates,
yields, and selectivity;
``(ii) establishing a broad set of platform
microorganisms suitable for metabolic
engineering to produce biofuels and
bioproducts, as well as high-throughput methods
for experimental validation of gene function;
``(iii) developing techniques to enhance
microbial robustness for tolerating toxins to
improve biofuel and bioproduct yields and to
gain a better understanding of the cellular and
molecular bases of tolerance for major chemical
classes of inhibitors found in these processes;
``(iv) advancing technologies for the use
of batch, continuous, as well as consolidated
bioprocessing;
``(v) identifying, creating, and optimizing
microbial and chemical pathways to produce
promising, atom-economical intermediates and
final bioproducts from biomass with
considerations given to environmentally benign
processes;
``(vi) developing high-throughput, real-
time, in situ analytical techniques to
understand and characterize the pre- and post-
bioproduct separation streams in detail;
``(vii) creating methodologies for
efficiently identifying viable target
molecules, identifying high-value bioproducts
in existing biomass streams, and utilizing
current byproduct streams;
``(viii) identifying and improving plant
feedstocks with enhanced extractable levels of
desired bioproducts or bioproduct precursors,
including lignin streams; and
``(ix) developing integrated biological and
chemical catalytic approaches to valorize and
produce a diverse portfolio of advanced fuels
and bioproducts.
``(6) Industry partnerships.--Centers shall establish
industry partnerships to translate research results to
commercial applications.''.
(c) Low-Dose Radiation Research Program.--Section 306(d)(7) of the
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(c)),
as redesignated under subsection (a), is amended to read as follows:
``(7) Funding.--For purposes of carrying out this
subsection, the Secretary is authorized to make available from
funds provided to the Biological and Environmental Research
Program $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2025 and $50,000,000 for
fiscal year 2026.''.
(d) Biological Sciences Research Activities.--Section 306(b) of the
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as
redesignated under subsection (a), is amended as follows:
``(b) Biological Systems.--The Director shall carry out research
and development activities in fundamental, structural, computational,
and systems biology to increase systems-level understanding of the
complex biological systems, which may include activities to--
``(1) accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that would
enable the cost-effective, sustainable production of--
``(A) biomass-based liquid transportation fuels;
``(B) bioenergy; and
``(C) biobased materials;
``(2) improve understanding of the global carbon cycle,
including processes for removing carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere, through photosynthesis and other biological
processes, for sequestration and storage;
``(3) understand the biological mechanisms used to
transform, immobilize, or remove contaminants from subsurface
environments;
``(4) leverage tools and approaches across the Office of
Science to expand research to include novel processes, methods,
and science to develop bio-based chemicals, polymers, inorganic
materials, including research to--
``(A) advance the understanding of how CRISPR tools
and other gene editing tools and technologies work in
nature, in the laboratory, and in practice;
``(B) deepen knowledge of the genetics of root
architecture and growth in crops, including trees; and
``(C) develop methods and tools to increase the
efficiency of photosynthesis in plants; and
``(5) develop other relevant methods and processes as
determined by the Director.''.
(e) Climate, Environmental Science, and Other Activities.--Section
306 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
18644) is further amended by adding at the end the following:
``(e) Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences Activities.--
``(1) In general.--As part of the activities authorized
under subsection (a), and in coordination with activities
carried out under subsection (b), the Director shall carry out
earth and environmental systems science research, which may
include activities to--
``(A) understand, observe, and model the response
of Earth's atmosphere and biosphere to increased
concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and any
associated changes in climate, including frequency and
intensity of extreme weather events;
``(B) understand the coupled physical, chemical,
and biological processes to transform, immobilize,
remove, or move carbon, nitrogen, and other energy
production-derived contaminants such as radionuclides
and heavy metals, and understand the process of
sequestration and transformation of these, carbon
dioxide, and other relevant molecules in subsurface
environments;
``(C) understand, observe, and model the cycling of
water, carbon, and nutrients in terrestrial systems and
at scales relevant to resources management;
``(D) understand the biological, biogeochemical,
and physical processes across the multiple scales that
control the flux of environmentally relevant compounds
between the terrestrial surface and the atmosphere; and
``(E) inform potential natural mitigation and
adaptation options for increased concentrations of
greenhouse gas emissions and any associated changes in
climate.
``(2) Prioritization.--In carrying out the program
authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall prioritize--
``(A) the development of software and algorithms to
enable the productive application of environmental
systems and extreme weather prediction models in high-
performance computing systems; and
``(B) capabilities that support the Department's
mission needs for energy and infrastructure security,
resilience, and reliability.
``(3) Subsurface biogeochemical research.--
``(A) In general.--As part of the activities
described in paragraph (1), the Director shall carry
out research to advance a fundamental understanding of
coupled physical, chemical, and biological processes
for controlling the movement of sequestered carbon,
nitrogen, and other subsurface environmental
contaminants, including how hydrology drives
biogeochemistry across molecular to watershed scales,
and how coupling between physical, chemical, and
biological processes influence flows of water, carbon,
nutrients, and contaminants.
``(B) Coordination.--
``(i) Director.--The Director shall carry
out activities under this paragraph in
accordance with priorities established by the
Secretary to support and accelerate the
decontamination of relevant facilities managed
by the Department.
``(ii) Secretary.--The Secretary shall
ensure the coordination of activities of the
Department, including activities under this
paragraph, to support and accelerate the
decontamination of relevant facilities managed
by the Department.
``(4) Climate and earth modeling.--As part of the
activities described in paragraph (1), the Director, in
collaboration with the Advanced Scientific Computing Research
program described in section 304, and in consultation with the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other
relevant agencies, shall carry out research to develop,
evaluate, and use high-resolution regional climate, global
climate, and Earth system models to inform decisions on
reducing greenhouse gas emissions and the resulting impacts of
a changing global climate. Such modeling shall include, among
other critical elements, greenhouse gas emissions, land use,
watershed responses, and interaction among human and Earth
systems.
``(5) Mid-scale funding mechanism.--
``(A) In general.--Any of the activities authorized
in this subsection may be carried out by competitively
selected mid-scale, multi-institutional research
centers in lieu of individual research grants, or
large-scale experiments or user facilities.
``(B) Consideration.--The Biological and
Environmental Research Advisory Committee shall provide
recommendations to the Director on projects most
suitable for the research centers described in
subparagraph (A).
``(f) Biological and Environmental Research User Facilities.--
``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program
for the development, construction, operation, and maintenance
of user facilities to enhance the collection and analysis of
observational data related to complex biological, climate, and
environmental systems.
``(2) Facility requirements.--To the maximum extent
practicable, the user facilities developed, constructed,
operated, or maintained under paragraph (1) shall include--
``(A) distributed field research and observation
platforms for understanding earth system processes;
``(B) instruments and modeling resources for
understanding the physical, chemical, and cellular
processes of biological and environmental systems;
``(C) integrated high-throughput sequencing,
advanced bioanalytic techniques, DNA design and
synthesis, metabolomics, and computational analysis;
and
``(D) such other facilities as the Director
considers appropriate, consistent with section 209 of
the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
7139).
``(3) Existing facilities.--In carrying out the program
established in paragraph (1), the Director is encouraged to
evaluate the capabilities of existing user facilities and, to
the maximum extent practicable, invest in modernization of
those capabilities to address emerging research priorities.
``(4) User facilities integration and collaboration
program.--
``(A) In general.--The Director shall support a
program of collaboration between user facilities as
defined under this subsection to encourage and enable
researchers to more readily integrate the tools,
expertise, resources, and capabilities of multiple user
facilities to further research and advance emerging
technologies.
``(B) Activities.--The program shall advance the
integration of automation, robotics, computational
biology, bioinformatics, biosensing, cellular platforms
and other relevant emerging technologies as determined
by the Director to enhance productivity and scientific
impact of user facilities.
``(5) Earth and environmental systems sciences user
facilities.--In carrying out the activities authorized under
paragraph (1), the Director shall establish and operate user
facilities to advance the collection, validation, and analysis
of atmospheric data, including activities to advance knowledge
and improve model representations and measure the impact of
atmospheric gases, aerosols, and clouds on earth and
environmental systems.
``(A) Selection.--The Director shall select user
facilities under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-
reviewed basis. The Director shall consider
applications from the National Laboratories, institutes
of higher education, multi-institutional
collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
``(B) Termination.--Consistent with the existing
authorities of the Department, the Director may
terminate an underperforming user facility for cause
during the performance period.
``(C) Existing facilities.--To the maximum extent
practicable, the Director shall utilize existing
facilities to carry out this subsection.
``(6) Coordination.--In carrying out the program authorized
in paragraph (1), the Director shall ensure that the Office of
Science--
``(A) consults and coordinates with the National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental
Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, the Department of Agriculture, the
Department of the Interior, and any other relevant
Federal agency on the collection, validation, and
analysis of atmospheric data; and
``(B) coordinates with relevant stakeholders,
including institutes of higher education, nonprofit
research institutions, industry, State, local, and
tribal governments, and other appropriate entities to
ensure access to the best available relevant
atmospheric and historical weather data.
``(g) Coastal Zone Research Initiative.--
``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a research
program to enhance the understanding of coastal ecosystems. In
carrying out this program, the Director shall prioritize
efforts to enhance the collection of observational data, and
shall develop models to analyze the ecological, biogeochemical,
hydrological and physical processes that interact in coastal
zones.
``(2) National system for coastal data collection.--The
Director shall establish an integrated system of geographically
diverse field research sites in order to improve the quantity
and quality of observational data, and that encompass the major
land water interfaces of the United States, including--
``(A) the Great Lakes region;
``(B) the Pacific coast;
``(C) the Atlantic coast;
``(D) the Arctic; and
``(E) the Gulf coast.
``(3) Existing infrastructure.--In carrying out the
programs and establishing the field research sites under
paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary shall leverage existing
research and development infrastructure supported by the
Department, including the Department's existing marine and
coastal research lab.
``(4) Coordination.--For the purposes of carrying out the
programs and establishing the field research sites under the
Initiative, the Secretary may enter into agreements with
Federal Departments and agencies with complementary
capabilities.
``(5) Report.--Not less than 2 years after the date of the
enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the Future
Act, the Director shall provide to the Committee on Science,
Space, and Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and
Natural Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the
Senate a report examining whether the system described in this
section should be established as a National User Facility.
``(h) Technology Development.--The Director shall support a
technology research program for the development of instrumentation and
other research tools required to meet the missions of the Department
and to provide platform technologies for the broader scientific
community. Technologies shall include but are not limited to--
``(1) cryo-electron microscopy;
``(2) fabricated ecosystems; and
``(3) next generation sensors including quantum sensors for
biological integration and bioproduction.
``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in
this section--
``(1) $820,360,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(2) $886,385,200 for fiscal year 2023;
``(3) $956,332,164 for fiscal year 2024;
``(4) $1,020,475,415 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(5) $1,099,108,695 for fiscal year 2026.''.
SEC. 5. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH PROGRAM.
(a) Advanced Scientific Computing Research.--Section 304 of the
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18642) is
amended--
(1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) as
subsections (b) through (d), respectively;
(2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so redesignated,
the following:
``(a) In General.--As part of the activities authorized under
section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
7139), the Director shall carry out, in coordination with academia and
relevant public and private sector entities, a research, development,
and demonstration program to--
``(1) advance computational and networking capabilities for
data-driven discovery;
``(2) analyze, model, simulate, and predict complex
phenomena relevant to the development of new energy
technologies and other technologies; and
``(3) steward applied mathematics, computational science,
and computer science; and other science disciplines relevant to
the missions of the Department and the competitiveness of the
United States.'';
(3) in subsection (b) (as redesignated under paragraph
(1))--
(A) by striking ``the Director'' and inserting
``(1) Director.--The Director''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) Coordination.--The Under Secretary for Science shall
ensure the coordination of the activities of the Department,
including activities under this section, to determine and meet
the computational and networking research and facility needs of
the Office of Science and all other relevant energy technology
and energy efficiency programs within the Department, and
across the Federal Government.'';
(4) by amending subsection (d), as so redesignated, to read
as follows:
``(d) Applied Mathematics and Software Development for High-End
Computing Systems and Computer Sciences Research.--
``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out activities
to develop, test, and support--
``(A) mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for
modeling complex systems relevant to the missions of
the Department, including on advanced computing
architectures; and
``(B) tools, languages, programming environments,
and operations for high-end computing systems (as
defined in section 2 of the American Super Computing
Leadership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541)).
``(2) Portfolio balance.--
``(A) In general.--The Director shall maintain a
balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific
computing research and development program established
under section 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
U.S.C. 16316) that supports robust investment in--
``(i) applied mathematical, computational,
and computer sciences research needs relevant
to the mission of the Department, including
foundational areas that are critical to the
advancement of energy sciences and technologies
and new and emerging computing technologies;
and
``(ii) associated high-performance
computing hardware and facilities.
``(B) Exascale ecosystem sustainment.--
``(i) Sense of congress.--It is the sense
of Congress that the Exascale Computing Project
has successfully created a broad ecosystem that
provides shared software packages, novel
evaluation systems, and applications for
exascale users, and that such products must be
maintained and improved in order that the full
potential of the deployed systems can be
continuously realized.
``(ii) In general.--The Secretary shall
seek to sustain the ecosystem referenced in
clause (i) to ensure that the exascale software
stack and other research software will continue
to be maintained, hardened, and otherwise
optimized for long-term use on exascale systems
and reliable availability to the user
community.''; and
(5) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
``(e) Next Generation Computing Program.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program
to develop and implement a strategy for achieving computing
systems with capabilities beyond exascale computing systems. In
establishing this program, the Secretary shall--
``(A) maintain foundational research programs in
mathematical, computational, and computer sciences
focused on new and emerging computing needs within the
mission of the Department, including post-Moore's law
computing architectures, novel approaches to modeling
and simulation, artificial intelligence and scientific
machine learning, quantum computing, edge computing,
extreme heterogeneity, and distributed high-performance
computing; and
``(B) retain best practices and maintain support
for essential hardware, applications, and software
elements of the Exascale Computing Program that are
necessary for sustaining the vitality of a long-term
exascale ecosystem.
``(2) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural
Resources of the Senate, a report on the development and
implementation of the strategy outlined in paragraph (1).
``(f) Architectural Research in Heterogeneous Computing Systems.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program
of research and development in heterogeneous computing systems
to address extreme heterogeneity and to expand understanding of
the potential for heterogeneous computing systems to deliver
high performance, high efficiency computing for Department of
Energy mission challenges. This shall include research and
development that explores the convergence of big data
analytics, simulations, and artificial intelligence.
``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out this program, the
Secretary shall ensure coordination between research activities
undertaken by the Advanced Scientific Computing Research
program and materials research supported by the Basic Energy
Sciences program within the Department of Energy Office of
Science.
``(g) Energy Efficient Computing Program.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support a program of
fundamental research, development, and demonstration of energy
efficient computing and data center technologies relevant to
advanced computing applications, including high performance
computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine
learning.
``(2) Execution.--
``(A) Program.--In carrying out the program under
paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
``(i) establish a partnership for National
Laboratories, industry partners, and
institutions of higher education for codesign
of energy efficient hardware, technology,
software, and applications across all
applicable program offices of the Department,
and provide access to energy efficient
computing resources to such partners;
``(ii) develop hardware and software
technologies that decrease the energy needs of
advanced computing practices, including through
data center co-design;
``(iii) consider multiple heterogeneous
computing architectures in collaboration with
the program established under subsection (f)
including neuromorphic computing, persistent
computing, and ultrafast networking; and
``(iv) provide, as appropriate, on a
competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for
researchers from institutions of higher
education, National Laboratories, industry, and
other Federal agencies to the energy efficient
computing technologies developed pursuant to
clause (i).
``(B) Selection of partners.--In selecting
participants for the partnership established under
subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select
participants through a competitive, merit review
process.
``(C) Report.--Not later than one year after the
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall
submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
Technology of the House of Representatives, and the
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the
Senate, a report on--
``(i) the activities conducted under
subparagraph (A); and
``(ii) the coordination and management of
the program under subparagraph (A) to ensure an
integrated research program across the
Department.
``(h) Energy Sciences Network.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for an
upgrade to the Energy Sciences Network user facility in order
to meet Federal research needs for highly reliable data
transport capabilities optimized for the requirements of large-
scale science.
``(2) Capabilities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the
Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities:
``(A) To provide high bandwidth scientific
networking across the continental United States and the
Atlantic Ocean.
``(B) To maximize network reliability.
``(C) To protect the network and data from cyber-
attacks.
``(D) To support exponentially increasing levels of
data from the Department's scientific user facilities,
experiments, and sensors.
``(E) To integrate heterogeneous computing
frameworks and systems.
``(i) Computational Science Graduate Fellowship.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support the
Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to
facilitate collaboration between graduate students and
researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to the
development of a diverse and inclusive computational workforce
to help advance research in areas relevant to the mission of
the Department.
``(2) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be
appropriated for Advanced Scientific Computing Research
Program, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out
the activities under this section--
``(A) $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(B) $22,050,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(C) $23,152,500 for fiscal year 2024;
``(D) $24,310,125 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(E) $25,525,631 for fiscal year 2026.
``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in
this section--
``(1) $1,086,050,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(2) $1,162,073,500 for fiscal year 2023;
``(3) $1,243,418,645 for fiscal year 2024;
``(4) $1,330,457,950 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(5) $1,423,590,007 for fiscal year 2026.''.
(b) Quantum Science Network.--
(1) Definitions.--Section 2 of the National Quantum
Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is amended--
(A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph
(8); and
(B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
``(7) Quantum network infrastructure.--The term `quantum
network infrastructure' means any facility, expertise, or
capability that is necessary to enable the development and
deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network
technologies.''.
(2) Department of energy quantum network infrastructure
research and development program.--Title IV of the National
Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq.) is amended by
adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 403. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.
``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this
section as the `Secretary') shall carry out a research, development,
and demonstration program to accelerate innovation in quantum network
infrastructure in order to--
``(1) facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum
computing systems through the internet and intranet;
``(2) improve the precision of measurements of scientific
phenomena and physical imaging technologies; and
``(3) develop secure national quantum communications
technologies and strategies.
``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
``(1) coordinate with--
``(A) the Director of the National Science
Foundation;
``(B) the Director of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology;
``(C) the Chair of the subcommittee on Quantum
Information Science of the National Science and
Technology Council established under section 103(a);
and
``(D) the Chair of the subcommittee on the Economic
and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
``(2) conduct cooperative research with industry, National
Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and other
research institutions to facilitate new quantum infrastructure
methods and technologies, including--
``(A) quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss
optical channels, space-to-ground connections, and
classical networking and cybersecurity protocols;
``(B) entanglement and hyper-entangled state
sources and transmission, control, and measurement of
quantum states;
``(C) quantum interconnects that allow short range
local connections between quantum processors;
``(D) transducers for quantum sources and signals
between optical and telecommunications regimes and
quantum computer-relevant domains, including
microwaves;
``(E) development of quantum memory buffers and
small-scale quantum computers that are compatible with
photon-based quantum bits in the optical or
telecommunications wavelengths;
``(F) long-range entanglement distribution at both
the terrestrial and space-based level using quantum
repeaters, allowing entanglement-based protocols
between small- and large scale quantum processors;
``(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and
related technologies necessary to create secure long-
distance quantum communication; and
``(H) integration of systems across the quantum
technology stack into traditional computing networks,
including the development of remote controlled, high
performance, and reliable implementations of key
quantum network components;
``(3) engage with the Quantum Economic Development
Consortium (QED-C) to transition component technologies to help
facilitate as appropriate the development of a quantum supply
chain for quantum network technologies;
``(4) advance basic research in advanced scientific
computing, particle physics, and material science to enhance
the understanding, prediction, and manipulation of materials,
processes, and physical phenomena relevant to quantum network
infrastructure;
``(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds necessary to
support cross-cutting fundamental research and development
activities with diverse stakeholders from industry and
institutions of higher education; and
``(6) consider quantum network infrastructure applications
that span the Department of Energy's missions in energy,
environment, and national security.
``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary
shall leverage resources, infrastructure, and expertise across the
Department of Energy and from--
``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
``(2) the National Science Foundation;
``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
``(5) the National Laboratories;
``(6) industry stakeholders;
``(7) institutions of higher education; and
``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research
Centers.
``(d) Research Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a 4-year
research plan that identifies and prioritizes basic research needs
relating to quantum network infrastructure.
``(e) Standard of Review.--The Secretary shall review activities
carried out under this section to determine the achievement of
technical milestones.
``(f) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the
Department of Energy's Office of Science, there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this section,
$100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
``SEC. 404. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM USER EXPANSION FOR SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.
``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this
section as the `Secretary') shall, establish and carry out a program
(to be known as the `Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology
program' or `QUEST program') to encourage and facilitate access to
United States quantum computing hardware and quantum computing clouds
for research purposes in order to--
``(1) enhance the United States quantum research
enterprise;
``(2) educate the future quantum computing workforce; and
``(3) accelerate the advancement of United States quantum
computing capabilities.
``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
``(1) coordinate with--
``(A) the Director of the National Science
Foundation;
``(B) the Director of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology;
``(C) the Chair of the Quantum Information Science
of the National Science and Technology Council
established under section 103(a); and
``(D) the Chair of the subcommittee on the Economic
and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
``(2) provide researchers based within the United States
with access to, and use of, United States quantum computing
resources through a competitive, merit-reviewed process;
``(3) consider applications from the National Laboratories,
multi-institutional collaborations, institutions of higher
education, industry stakeholders, and any other entities that
the Secretary determines are appropriate to provide national
leadership on quantum computing related issues; and
``(4) consult and coordinate with private sector
stakeholders, the user community, and interagency partners on
program development and best management practices.
``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary
shall leverage resources and expertise across the Department of Energy
and from--
``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
``(2) the National Science Foundation;
``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
``(5) the National Laboratories;
``(6) industry stakeholders;
``(7) institutions of higher education; and
``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research
Centers.
``(d) Security.--In carrying out the activities authorized by this
section, the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the
National Science Foundation and the Director of the National Institute
of Standards and Technology, shall ensure proper security controls are
in place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate.''.
SEC. 6. FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.
(a) Fusion Energy Research.--Section 307 of the Department of
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
striking ``As part of'' and inserting ``(1) In
general.--As part of'';
(B) by redesignating--
(i) paragraphs (1) and (2) as subparagraphs
(A) and (B), respectively; and
(ii) in subparagraph (B) (as redesignated
by clause (i)), subparagraphs (A) and (B) as
clauses (i) and (ii), respectively; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--Out of funds
authorized to be appropriated under subsection (o), there are
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
activities described in paragraph (1) $50,000,000 for each of
fiscal years 2022 through 2026.'';
(2) in subsection (d)(3), by striking the period at the end
and inserting ``and $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.'';
(3) in subsection (e)(4), by striking the period at the end
and inserting ``and $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.'';
(4) in subsection (i)(10)--
(A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``; and'' and
inserting a semicolon;
(B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at
the end and inserting ``; and''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.'';
(5) in subsection (j)--
(A) by striking ``The Director'' and inserting
``(1) In general.--The Director''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There are
authorized to be appropriated to carry out activities described
in paragraph (1)--
``(A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(B) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(C) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(D) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.'';
(6) in subsection (l)--
(A) by striking ``sense of Congress that'' and
inserting ``sense of Congress that--'';
(B) by striking ``United States should support''
and inserting ``(1) United States should support''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) the Director shall incorporate the findings and
recommendations of the report of the Fusion Energy Sciences
Advisory Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and
Plasmas' and the report of the National Academies entitled
`Bringing Fusion to the U.S. Grid' into the planning process of
the Department, including the development of future budget
requests to Congress.'';
(7) by redesignating subsection (o) as subsection (r);
(8) by adding at the end the following:
``(o) High-Performance Computation Collaborative Research
Program.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program
to conduct and support collaborative research, development, and
demonstration of fusion energy technologies, through high-
performance computation modeling and simulation techniques, in
order to--
``(A) support fundamental research in plasmas and
matter at very high temperatures and densities;
``(B) inform the development of a broad range of
fusion energy systems; and
``(C) facilitate the translation of research
results in fusion energy science to industry.
``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under
paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant
Federal agencies, and prioritize the following objectives:
``(A) Using expertise from the private sector,
institutions of higher education, and the National
Laboratories to leverage existing, and develop new,
computational software and capabilities that
prospective users may use to accelerate research and
development of fusion energy systems.
``(B) Developing computational tools to simulate
and predict fusion energy science phenomena that may be
validated through physical experimentation.
``(C) Increasing the utility of the research
infrastructure of the Department by coordinating with
the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program
within the Office of Science.
``(D) Leveraging experience from existing modeling
and simulation entities sponsored by the Department.
``(E) Ensuring that new experimental and
computational tools are accessible to relevant research
communities, including private sector entities engaged
in fusion energy technology development.
``(F) Ensuring that newly developed computational
tools are compatible with modern virtual engineering
and visualization capabilities to accelerate the
realization of fusion energy technologies and systems.
``(3) Duplication.--The Secretary shall ensure the
coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the
activities of this program with the activities of--
``(A) other research entities of the Department,
including the National Laboratories, the Advanced
Research Projects Agency-Energy, the Advanced
Scientific Computing Research program; and
``(B) industry.
``(4) High-performance computing for fusion innovation
center.--In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the
Secretary shall establish and operate a national High-
Performance Computing for Fusion Innovation Center (referred to
in this section as the `Center'), which shall focus on the
early stage research and development activities described under
paragraph (1).
``(5) Selection.--The Secretary shall select the Center
under this subsection on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.
The Secretary shall consider applications from National
Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-
institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
``(6) Duration.--The Center established under this
subsection shall receive support for a period of not more than
5 years, subject to the availability of appropriations.
``(7) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period of
support of the Center, the Secretary may renew support for the
Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more
than 5 years.
``(8) Termination.--Consistent with the existing
authorities of the Department, the Secretary may terminate the
Center for cause during the performance period.
``(p) Material Plasma Exposure Experiment.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall construct a Material
Plasma Exposure Experiment facility as described in the 2020
publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory
Committee titled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'. The
Secretary shall consult with the private sector, universities,
National Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure
that this facility is capable of meeting Federal research needs
for steady state, high-heat-flux and plasma-material
interaction testing of fusion materials over a range of fusion
energy relevant parameters.
``(2) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure
that the facility described in subsection (a) will provide the
following capabilities:
``(A) A magnetic field at the target of 1 Tesla.
``(B) An energy flux at the target of 10 MW/m2.
``(C) The ability to expose previously irradiated
plasma facing material samples to plasma.
``(3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the
maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full
operations of the facility under this section occurs before
December 31, 2027.
``(4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated
for Fusion Energy Sciences, there are funds authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Fusion Energy
Sciences to carry out to completion the construction of the
facility under this section:
``(A) $32,800,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(B) $13,400,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(C) $12,600,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
``(D) $400,000 for fiscal year 2025.
``(q) Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument Upgrade.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the
upgrade to the Matter in Extreme Conditions endstation at the
Linac Coherent Light Source as described in the 2020
publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory
Committee titled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'. The
Secretary shall consult with the private sector, universities,
National Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure
that this facility is capable of meeting Federal research needs
for understanding physical and chemical changes to plasmas at
fundamental timescales, and explore new regimes of dense
material physics, astrophysics, planetary physics, and short-
pulse laser-plasma interactions.
``(2) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the
maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full
operations of the facility under this section occurs before
December 31, 2028.''; and
(9) in subsection (r), as so redesignated, by striking
paragraphs (2) through (5) and inserting the following:
``(2) $1,002,900,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(3) $1,095,707,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(4) $1,129,368,490 for fiscal year 2024;
``(5) $1,149,042,284 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(6) $1,243,097,244 for fiscal year 2026.''.
(b) ITER Construction.--Section 972 of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312) is amended in subsection (c)(3)--
(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end;
and
(2) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the
following:
``(B) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(C) $325,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(D) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(E) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(F) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.''.
SEC. 7. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS PROGRAM.
(a) Program.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended--
(1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as
subsections (d) through (f), respectively; and
(2) by inserting the following after subsection (a):
``(b) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
Director shall carry out a research program on the fundamental
constituents of matter and energy and the nature of space and time in
order to support theoretical and experimental research in both
elementary particle physics and fundamental accelerator science and
technology and understand fundamental properties of the universe.
``(c) High Energy Frontier Research.--As part of the program
described in subsection (a), the Director shall carry out research
using high energy accelerators and advanced detectors, including
accelerators and detectors that will function as national user
facilities, to create and study interactions of elementary particles
and investigate fundamental forces.''.
(b) International Collaboration.--Section 305(d) of the Department
of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643(d)), as
redesignated under subsection (a), is amended to read as follows:
``(d) International Collaboration.--The Director shall--
``(1) as practicable and in coordination with other
appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, ensure the access of
United States researchers to the most advanced accelerator
facilities and research capabilities in the world, including
the Large Hadron Collider;
``(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to
leverage United States participation in the Large Hadron
Collider, and prioritize expanding international partnerships
and investments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility and Deep
Underground Neutrino Experiment; and
``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize
engagement in collaborative efforts in support of future
international facilities that would provide access to the most
advanced accelerator facilities in the world to United States
researchers.''.
(c) Cosmic Frontier Research.--Section 305(f) of the Department of
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645(f)), as
redesignated by subsection (a), is amended to read as follows:
``(f) Cosmic Frontier Research.--The Director shall carry out
research activities on the nature of the primary contents of the
universe, including the nature of dark energy and dark matter, which
may include collaboration with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration or the National Science Foundation, or international
collaboration. These activities shall, to the maximum extent
practicable, be consistent with the research priorities identified by
the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel or the National Academy of
Sciences, and may include--
``(1) collaborations with the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, or
international partners on relevant projects; and
``(2) the development of space-based, land-based, water-
based, and underground facilities and experiments.''.
(d) Section.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645), as amended, is further amended by
adding at the end the following:
``(g) Facility Construction and Major Items of Equipment.--
``(1) Projects.--Consistent with the Office of Science's
project management practices, the Director shall, to the
maximum extent practicable, incorporate the findings and
recommendations of the 2014 Particle Physics Project
Prioritization Panel (P5) report titled `Building for
Discovery', and support construction or fabrication of--
``(A) an international Long-Baseline Neutrino
Facility based in the United States;
``(B) the Proton Improvement Plan II;
``(C) Second Generation Dark Matter experiments;
``(D) the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument;
``(E) the Vera Rubin Observatory camera;
``(F) upgrades to components of the Large Hadron
Collider; and
``(G) other high priority projects recommended in
the most recent report of the Particle Physics Project
Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics
Advisory Panel.
``(2) Long-baseline neutrino facility.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support
construction of a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to
facilitate the international Deep Underground Neutrino
Experiment to examine the fundamental properties of
neutrinos, explore physics beyond the Standard Model,
and better clarify the existence and nature of
antimatter.
``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall
ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A)
will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
``(i) A neutrino beam with wideband
capability of 1.2 megawatts (MW) of beam power
and upgradable to 2.4 MW of beam power.
``(ii) Three caverns excavated for a 70
kiloton fiducial detector mass and supporting
surface buildings and utilities.
``(iii) Cryogenic systems to support
neutrino detectors.
``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start
of full operations of the facility under this
subsection occurs before December 31, 2031.
``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (k), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out construction of
the facility under this subsection--
``(i) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(ii) $325,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(iii) $400,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(iv) $375,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
and
``(v) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(3) Proton improvement plan-ii accelerator upgrade
project.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary of Energy shall
support construction of the Proton Improvement Plan II,
an upgrade to the Fermilab accelerator complex
identified in the 2014 Particle Physics Project
Prioritization Panel (P5) report titled `Building for
Discovery', to provide the world's most intense beam of
neutrinos to the international Long Baseline Neutrino
Facility as well as abroad range of future high energy
physics experiments. The Secretary of Energy shall work
with international partners to enable further
significant contributions to the capabilities of this
project.
``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall
ensure that the facility described in paragraph (1)
will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
``(i) A state-of-the-art 800 megaelectron
volt (MeV) superconducting linear accelerator.
``(ii) Proton beam power of 1.2 MW at the
start of LBNF/DUNE, upgradeable to 2.4 MW of
beam power.
``(iii) A flexible design to enable high
power beam delivery to multiple users
simultaneously and customized beams tailored to
specific scientific needs.
``(iv) Sustained high reliability operation
of the Fermilab accelerator complex.
``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start
of full operations of the facility under this section
occurs before December 31, 2028.
``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (k), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out construction of
the facility under this subsection--
``(i) $191,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(ii) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(iii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(iv) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
and
``(v) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(4) Cosmic microwave background stage 4.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary of Energy, in
partnership with the Director of the National Science
Foundation, shall support construction of the Cosmic
Microwave Background Stage 4 project to survey the
cosmic microwave background to test theories of cosmic
inflation as described in the 2014 Particle Physics
Prioritization Panel (P5) report titled `Building for
Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in
the Global Context.'.
``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult
with the private sector, universities, National
Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure
that this experiment is capable of meeting Federal
research needs in accessing the ultra-high energy
physics of inflation and important neutrino properties.
``(C) Experimental capabilities.--The Secretary
shall ensure that the facility described in subsection
(a) will provide at minimum, 500,000 superconducting
detectors deployed on an array of mm wave telescopes
with the required range in frequency, sensitivity, and
survey speed to enable an order of magnitude advance in
observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background,
delivering transformative discoveries in fundamental
physics, cosmology, and astrophysics.
``(D) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start
of full operations of the facility under this section
occurs before December 31, 2030.
``(E) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (k), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out construction of
the facility under this subsection--
``(i) $37,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(ii) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(iii) $71,400,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(iv) $49,800,000 for fiscal year 2025;
and
``(v) $84,800,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(h) Accelerator and Detector Upgrades.--The Director shall
upgrade accelerator facilities and detectors, as necessary and
appropriate, to increase beam power, sustain high reliability, and
improve precision measurement to advance the highest priority particle
physics research programs. In carrying out facility upgrades, the
Director shall continue to work with international partners, when
appropriate and in the United States interest, to leverage investments
and expertise in critical technologies to help build and upgrade
accelerator and detector facilities in the United States.
``(i) Accelerator and Detector Research and Development.--As part
of the program described in subsection (a), the Director shall carry
out research and development in advanced accelerator and detector
concepts and technologies, including laser technologies, in order to
develop and deploy next generation technologies to support discovery
science in particle physics and to reduce the necessary size and cost
for the next generation of particle accelerators, in coordination with
the Office of Science's Basic Energy Sciences and Nuclear Physics
programs as well as other relevant Federal agencies.
``(j) Research Collaborations.--In developing accelerator
technologies under the program authorized in subsection (e), the
Director shall--
``(1) consider the requirements necessary to support
translational research and development for medical, industrial,
security, and defense applications; and
``(2) leverage investments in accelerator technologies and
fundamental research in particle physics by partnering with
institutes of higher education, industry, and other Federal
agencies to help commercialize technologies with promising
applications.
``(k) Underground Science.--The Director shall--
``(1) support an underground science program consistent
with the missions of the Department and the scientific needs of
the High Energy Physics program, including those articulated in
the most recent report of the Particle Physics Project
Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel,
that leverages the capabilities of relevant underground science
and engineering facilities; and
``(2) carry out a competitive grant program to award
scientists and engineers at institutions of higher education,
nonprofit institutions, and national laboratories to conduct
research in underground science and engineering.
``(l) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in
this section--
``(1) $1,355,690,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(2) $1,512,628,300 for fiscal year 2023;
``(3) $1,653,512,281 for fiscal year 2024;
``(4) $1,681,260,141 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(5) $1,650,812,351 for fiscal year 2026.''.
SEC. 8. NUCLEAR PHYSICS PROGRAM.
(a) Program.--Section 308 of the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18646) is amended--
(1) by redesignating subsections (a) and (b) as subsections
(b) and (c), respectively; and
(2) by inserting the following before subsection (b), as so
redesignated:
``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
Director shall carry out a research program, and support relevant
facilities, to discover and understand various forms of nuclear
matter.''.
(b) Isotope Development and Production for Research Applications.--
Section 308(b)(1) of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation
Act (42 U.S.C. 18646(a)(1)), as redesignated under subsection (a), is
amended to read as follows:
``(1) shall carry out a program in coordination with other
relevant programs across the Department of Energy for the
production of isotopes, including the development of techniques
to produce isotopes, that the Secretary determines are needed
for research, medical, industrial, or related purposes, to the
maximum extent practicable, in accordance with the 2015 NSAC
`Meeting Isotope Needs and Capturing Opportunities For The
Future' report; and''.
(c) Program Administration.--Section 308 of the Department of
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18646) is amended by
adding at the end the following:
``(d) User Facilities.--
``(1) Facility for rare isotope beams.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support
construction of a Facility for Rare Isotope Beams to
advance the understanding of rare nuclear isotopes and
the evolution of the cosmos.
``(B) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (f), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out construction of
the facility under this subsection $2,000,000 for
fiscal year 2022.
``(2) Electron-ion collider.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support
construction of an Electron Ion Collider as described
in the 2015 Long Range Plan of the Nuclear Science
Advisory Committee and the report from the National
Academies titled `An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-
Ion Collider Science', in order to measure the internal
structure of the proton and the nucleus and answer
fundamental questions about the nature of visible
matter.
``(B) Facility capability.--The Secretary shall
ensure that the facility meets the requirements in the
2015 Long Range Plan, including--
``(i) at least 70 percent polarized beams
of electrons and light ions;
``(ii) ion beams from deuterium to the
heaviest stable nuclei;
``(iii) variable center of mass energy from
20 to 140 GeV;
``(iv) high collision luminosity of
10<SUP>33-34</SUP>cm<SUP>-2</SUP>s<SUP>-1</SUP>;
and
``(v) the possibility of more than one
interaction region.
``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start
of full operations of the facility under this section
occurs before December 31, 2030.
``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
appropriated under subsection (e), there shall be made
available to the Secretary to carry out construction of
the facility under this subsection--
``(i) $101,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(ii) $155,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(iii) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(iv) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
and
``(v) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in
this section--
``(1) $861,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(2) $960,390,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(3) $1,106,097,300 for fiscal year 2024;
``(4) $1,210,354,111 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(5) $1,273,408,899 for fiscal year 2026.''.
SEC. 9. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.
(a) Program.--Section 309 of the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18647) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
``(c) Approach.--In carrying out this section, the Director shall
utilize all available approaches and mechanisms, including capital line
items, minor construction projects, energy savings performance
contracts, utility energy service contracts, alternative financing and
expense funding, as appropriate.
``(d) Alternative Financing of Research Facilities and
Infrastructure.--
``(1) In general.--Consistent with section 161(g) of the
Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2201(g)), the Management
and Operating contractors of the Department may enter into the
lease-purchase of research facilities and infrastructure under
the scope of their contract with the Department with the
approval of the Secretary or their designee.
``(2) Limitations.--To carry out lease-purchases approved
by the Secretary under subsection (a), the Department shall
only be required to have budget authority in an amount
sufficient to cover the minimum required lease payments through
the period required to exercise a termination provision in the
lease agreement, plus any associated lease termination
penalties, regardless of whether such leased facility and
infrastructure is on or off Government land, and if--
``(A) the Department has established a mission need
for the facility or infrastructure to be leased;
``(B) the facility or infrastructure is general
purpose, including offices, laboratories, cafeterias,
utilities, and data centers;
``(C) the Department is not a party to and has no
financial obligations under the lease-purchase
transaction entered into by the Management and
Operating contractor, other than allowability of the
lease cost and conveyance of Government land, if
needed;
``(D) the lease-purchase has an advance notice
termination provision with reasonable pre-defined
penalties that the Management and Operating contractor
may exercise, at the direction of the Department, if
funding for the lease is no longer available or the
mission need ceases to exist;
``(E) there is an option for a no cost transfer of
ownership to the Government once the underlying
financing is retired, but neither the Management and
Operating contractor nor the Department are obligated
to purchase the facility or infrastructure at any time
during or after the lease term;
``(F) the lease-purchase transaction, assuming
exercise of the ownership option, is demonstrated to be
the lowest lifecycle cost alternative for the
Government; and
``(G) the cumulative annual base rent for all
lease-purchases of facilities and infrastructure,
inclusive of any transactions under consideration, does
not exceed 2 percent of the Management and Operating
contract operating budget for the year the commitment
is made for the lease.
``(3) Reporting.--Not later than one year after the date of
the enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the
Future Act, and biennially thereafter, the Department shall
submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and
the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural
Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, a
report on the lease-purchase transactions that the Management
and Operating contractors of the Department entered into under
subsection (a) that includes--
``(A) a list of the lease-purchase transactions
entered into by each Management and Operating
contractor and their respective costs;
``(B) the annual percentage of each Management and
Operating contract operating budget that is used for
lease-purchase transactions for the year the
commitments were made; and
``(C) any other information the Secretary finds
appropriate.
``(e) Mid-Scale Instrumentation Program.--The Director, in
coordination with each of the programs carried out by the Office of
Science, shall establish a mid-scale instrumentation program to enable
the development and acquisition of novel, state-of-the-art instruments
ranging in cost from $1 million to $20 million each that would
significantly accelerate scientific breakthroughs at user facilities.
``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in
this section $500,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through
2026.''.
SEC. 10. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.
(a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation
Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 note) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
``SEC. 310. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.
``(a) In General.--The Director shall support the development of a
scientific workforce through programs that facilitate collaboration
between K-12, university students, early-career researchers, faculty,
and the National Laboratories, including through the use of proven
techniques to expand the number of individuals from underrepresented
groups pursuing and attaining skills or undergraduate and graduate
degrees relevant to the Office's mission.
``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 3169 of the
Department of Energy Science Education Enhancement Act (42 U.S.C.
7381e) is amended--
``(1) by striking, `programs', and inserting `programs,
including the NSF INCLUDES National Network,'; and
``(2) by striking, `year 1991', and inserting `years 2022
through 2026'.''.
(b) Broadening Participation in Workforce Development for Teachers
and Scientists.--The Department of Energy Science Education Enhancement
Act (42 U.S.C. 7381 note) is amended by inserting the following
sections after section 3167 (42 U.S.C. 7381c-1):
``SEC. 3167A. BROADENING PARTICIPATION FOR TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.
``(a) In General.--The Secretary, in collaboration with the
Director of the National Science Foundation, shall support and leverage
the National Science Foundation Inclusion across the Nation of
Communities of Learners of Underrepresented Discoverers in Engineering
and Science National Network, hereafter referred to as the NSF INCLUDES
National Network, to expand the number of students, early-career
researchers, and faculty from underrepresented groups pursuing and
attaining skills or undergraduate and graduate degrees in science,
technology, engineering, and mathematics fields relevant to the
Department's mission.
``(b) Plan.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Secretary
shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the
House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural
Resources and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of
the Senate and make available to the public a plan for broadening
participation of underrepresented groups in science, technology,
engineering, and mathematics in programs supported by the Department
programs, including--
``(1) a plan for supporting and leveraging the National
Science Foundation INCLUDES National Network;
``(2) metrics for assessing the participation of
underrepresented groups in Department programs;
``(3) experienced and potential barriers to broadening
participation of underrepresented groups in Department
programs, including recommended solutions; and
``(4) any other activities the Secretary finds appropriate.
``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amounts authorized
to be appropriated in section 3169 (42 U.S.C. 7381e), at least
$2,000,000 shall be made available each fiscal year for the activities
described under this subsection.
``SEC. 3167B. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE THE DIVERSITY,
EQUITY, AND INCLUSION OF HIGHLY SKILLED SCIENCE,
TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM)
PROFESSIONALS.
``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall expand opportunities to
increase the number and the diversity, equity, and inclusion of highly
skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
professionals working in Department of Energy mission-relevant
disciplines and broaden the recruitment pool to increase diversity,
including expanded partnerships with minority-serving institutions,
non-Research I universities, and scientific societies.
``(b) Plan and Outreach Strategy.--
``(1) In general.--Not later than 6 months after the date
of enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the Future
Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science,
Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 10-
year educational plan in accordance with paragraph (2) and an
outreach strategy in accordance with paragraph (3).
``(2) Plan.--The plan under paragraph (1) shall fund and
expand new or existing programs administered by the Office of
Science and sited at the National Laboratories and Department
of Energy user facilities to expand educational and workforce
opportunities for underrepresented high school, undergraduate,
and graduate students as well as recent graduates, teachers and
faculty in STEM fields. Such programs may include paid
internships, fellowships, temporary employment, training
programs, visiting student and faculty programs, sabbaticals,
and research support.
``(3) Outreach strategy.--The outreach strategy under
paragraph (1) shall include a plan to improve the advertising,
recruitment, and promotion of educational and workforce
programs to community colleges, minority-serving institutions,
and non-Research I universities.
``(c) Building Research Capacity.--The Secretary shall develop
programs that strengthen the research capacity relevant to Office of
Science disciplines at emerging research institutions, including
minority-serving institutions, colleges, and universities. This may
include enabling meaningful partnerships between research-intensive
institutions and emerging research institutions, and soliciting
research proposals, fellowships, training programs, and research
support directly from emerging research institutions.
``(d) Traineeships.--The Secretary shall establish a university-led
Traineeship Program to address workforce training needs in DOE-relevant
STEM fields. The focus should be on supporting training and research
experiences for underrepresented undergraduate and graduate students
and increasing participation from underrepresented populations. The
traineeships should include opportunities to build the next-generation
workforce in research areas critical to maintaining core competencies
across the Office of Science's programs.
``(e) Evaluation.--The Secretary shall establish key performance
indicators to measure and monitor progress of education and workforce
programs and expand Departmental activities for data collection and
analysis.
``(f) Report.--The Secretary shall submit a report every 2 years to
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
the Senate summarizing progress toward meeting key performance
indicators under subsection (e).
``(g) Minority-Serving Institution Defined.--The term `minority-
serving institution' includes the entities described in any of
paragraphs (1) through (7) of section 371(a) of the Higher Education
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a));''.
SEC. 11. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE; HELIUM CONSERVATION
PROGRAM; AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
(a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation
Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 note) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
``SEC. 311. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a high intensity
laser research initiative consistent with the recommendations of the
National Academies report, `Opportunities in Intense Ultrafast Lasers:
Reaching for the Brightest Light', and the report from the Brightest
Light Initiative workshop on `The Future of Intense Ultrafast Lasers in
the U.S.'. This initiative should include research and development of
petawatt-scale and of high average power laser technologies necessary
for future facility needs in discovery science and to advance energy
technologies, as well as support for a user network of academic and
national laboratory high intensity laser facilities.
``(b) Leverage.--The Director shall also leverage new laser
technologies for more compact, less complex, and low-cost accelerator
systems needed for science applications.
``(c) Coordination.--The Director shall coordinate this initiative
among all relevant programs within the Office of Science, and the Under
Secretary for Science shall coordinate this initiative with other
relevant programs within the Department as well as within other Federal
agencies.
``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
be appropriated for the Office of Science there are authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in
this subsection--
``(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
``(3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
``(4) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``SEC. 312. HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM.
``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program to
reduce the consumption of helium for Department grant recipients and
facilities and encourage helium recycling and reuse. The program shall
competitively award grants for--
``(1) the purchase of equipment to capture, reuse, and
recycle helium;
``(2) the installation, maintenance, and repair of new and
existing helium capture, reuse, and recycling equipment; and
``(3) helium alternatives research and development
activities.
``(b) Report.--In carrying out the program under this section, the
Director shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
Technology of House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and
Natural Resources of the Senate a report, not later than two years
after the date of enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the
Future Act, and every 3 years thereafter, on the purchase of helium as
part of research projects and facilities supported by the Department.
The report shall include--
``(1) the quantity of helium purchased for projects and
facilities supported by Department grants;
``(2) a cost-analysis for such helium;
``(3) the predominant production sources for such helium;
``(4) expected or experienced impacts of helium supply
shortages or prices on the research projects and facilities
supported by the Department; and
``(5) recommendations for reducing Department grant
recipients' exposure to volatile helium prices.
``(c) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under this
section, the Director shall coordinate with the National Science
Foundation and other relevant Federal agencies on helium conversation
activities.
``(d) Duration.--The program established under this section shall
receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the
availability of appropriations.
``(e) Renewal.--Upon expiration of any period of support of the
program under this section, the Director may renew support for the
program for a period of not more than 5 years.
``SEC. 313. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry
out the activities described in this title--
``(1) $8,728,615,000 for fiscal year 2022;
``(2) $9,344,434,300 for fiscal year 2023;
``(3) $10,031,656,951 for fiscal year 2024;
``(4) $10,503,567,938 for fiscal year 2025; and
``(5) $10,960,667,486 for fiscal year 2026.''.
(b) Table of Contents.--Section 1(b) of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act is amended in the table of contents by
inserting after the item relating to section 309 the following:
``Sec. 310. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
``Sec. 311. High intensity laser research initiative.
``Sec. 312. Helium conservation program.
``Sec. 313. Authorization of appropriations.''.
<all>
Introduced in House
Introduced in House
Referred to the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.
Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held.
Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by Voice Vote.
Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. H. Rept. 117-72.
Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. H. Rept. 117-72.
Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 50.
Ms. Johnson (TX) moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended.
Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H3206-3220)
DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on H.R. 3593.
At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 8, rule XX, the Chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed.
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Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H3223-3224)
Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 351 - 68 (Roll no. 187).(text: CR H3206-3218)
Roll Call #187 (House)On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 351 - 68 (Roll no. 187). (text: CR H3206-3218)
Roll Call #187 (House)Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.