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[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3336 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
<DOC>
119th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 3336
To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to carry out prize
competitions to advance the science of interpretability and to develop
adversarial robustness with respect to artificial intelligence
products, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
December 3, 2025
Ms. Hassan (for herself and Mr. Banks) introduced the following bill;
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security
and Governmental Affairs
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to carry out prize
competitions to advance the science of interpretability and to develop
adversarial robustness with respect to artificial intelligence
products, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Reliable Artificial Intelligence
Research Act of 2025''.
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) Adversarial robustness.--The term ``adversarial
robustness'' means the degree to which an artificial
intelligence model is able to resist attacks that would induce
it to produce incorrect, restricted, or harmful outputs, while
maintaining integrity, reliability, and privacy.
(2) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial
intelligence'' has the meaning given the term in section 5002
of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020
(15 U.S.C. 9401).
(3) Interpretability.--The term ``interpretability'' means
the degree to which humans are able to accurately understand
how an artificial intelligence model makes decisions and
considers inputs and how the outputs or behaviors of the model
respond to a change in the inputs.
(4) Red-teaming.--The term ``red-teaming'' means a
structured, interactive, and adversarial process to test an
artificial intelligence system by simulating real-world actions
to find vulnerabilities or flaws in the system.
(5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
of Homeland Security.
SEC. 3. PRIZE COMPETITION FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INTERPRETABILITY
RESEARCH.
(a) Prize Competition Required.--Not later than 270 days after the
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall
commence carrying out at least 1 prize competition under section 24 of
the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719)
to advance the science of interpretability in a manner relevant to
commercially available or widely used artificial intelligence products.
(b) Consultation.--In carrying out the prize competition required
by subsection (a), the Secretary shall consult with--
(1) the Secretary of Commerce;
(2) the Director of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology;
(3) the National Cyber Director;
(4) the Director of the National Science Foundation; and
(5) any industry expert from the artificial intelligence
sector in the United States that the Secretary considers
relevant.
(c) Structure and Evaluation Criteria.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop the structure
and evaluation criteria for a prize competition carried out
under subsection (a) in accordance with the primary purpose
described in that subsection.
(2) Competition structure.--The Secretary may--
(A) structure a competition under subsection (a)
into 1 or more phases, including submission of
interpretability frameworks, submission of
interpretable artificial intelligence models, and
unique basic research; and
(B) open these phases to the same, or to distinct,
contestant pools.
(3) Evaluation considerations.--In developing the
evaluation criteria for the frameworks, models, or methods
submitted for a prize competition under subsection (a), the
Secretary shall consider--
(A) the degree to which a submission advances
broadly applicable principles of artificial
intelligence interpretability;
(B) the practical value of a submission in making
artificial intelligence more understandable and
reliable in high-risk, high-value use cases; and
(C) the likelihood that the unique research
submitted will create standards for artificial
intelligence interpretability in the government or
industry.
(d) Program Administration.--The Secretary may enter into
contracts, cooperative agreements, or other agreements with for-profit
or nonprofit entities or State, territorial, local, or Tribal agencies
to design and administer any prize competition carried out under
subsection (a).
SEC. 4. PRIZE COMPETITION FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ADVERSARIAL
ROBUSTNESS RESEARCH.
(a) Prize Competition Required.--Not later than 270 days after the
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall commence carrying
out at least 1 prize competition under section 24 of the Stevenson-
Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719) to develop
capable artificial intelligence models that are designed to exhibit
adversarial robustness in circumstances necessary for at least 1 high-
impact, high-risk application in government or industry.
(b) Consultation.--In carrying out a prize competition required by
subsection (a), the Secretary shall consult with--
(1) the Secretary of Commerce;
(2) the Director of the Institute of Standards and
Technology;
(3) the National Cyber Director;
(4) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
(5) any industry expert from the artificial intelligence
sector in the United States that the Secretary considers
relevant; and
(6) the head of any Federal agency who has authority or
expertise in a high-impact, high-risk application of artificial
intelligence that could be an appropriate subject for a prize
competition under subsection (a).
(c) Structure and Evaluation Criteria.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop the structure
and evaluation criteria for a prize competition carried out
under subsection (a) in accordance with the primary purpose
described in that subsection.
(2) Competition structure.--The Secretary may--
(A) structure a competition under subsection (a)
into 1 or more phases, including submission of
adversarial robustness frameworks, submission of
artificial intelligence models, and red-teaming; and
(B) open these phases to the same, or to distinct,
contestant pools.
(3) Evaluation considerations.--In developing the
evaluation criteria for the frameworks, models, or methods
submitted for a prize competition under subsection (a), the
Secretary shall consider--
(A) the degree to which a submission advances
broadly applicable principles of artificial
intelligence robustness; and
(B) the practical value of the submission in
reducing the risk of adversarial attacks in high-risk,
high-value use cases of artificial intelligence.
(d) Program Administration.--The Secretary may enter into
contracts, cooperative agreements, or other agreements with for-profit
or nonprofit entities or State, territorial, local, or Tribal agencies
to design and administer any prize competition carried out under
subsection (a).
SEC. 5. TRACKING AND REPORTING.
(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which
the first prize competition concludes, the Secretary shall submit to
the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes--
(1) an evaluation of how the results of the competitions
inform the fields of interpretability and adversarial
robustness;
(2) an assessment of any gaps in these fields identified by
the Secretary over the course of the competitions; and
(3) any suggested action that Congress should take to
advance the fields of interpretability, adversarial robustness,
and any related research.
(b) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section,
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(1) the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental
Affairs of the Senate; and
(2) the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of
Representatives.
SEC. 6. APPROPRIATIONS.
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry
out this section $10,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2026
through 2030.
<all>
Introduced in Senate
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.
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